C++ [错误] 没有用于调用的匹配函数

C++ [Error] no matching function for call to

提问by Beginner

I can't compile my code because of some errors.

由于一些错误，我无法编译我的代码。

Here some of them :

这里有一些：

In function 'int main(int, char**)':

在函数 'int main(int, char**)' 中：

[Error] no matching function for call to 'deckOfCards::shuffle(deckOfCards&)'

[Note] candidate is:

In file included from main.cpp

[Note] void deckOfCards::shuffle(std::vector<Card>&)

[Note] no known conversion for argument 1 from 'deckOfCards' to 'std::vector<Card>&'

[Error] 'dealCard' was not declared in this scope

---

---

#include <iostream>

    using namespace std;


    class Card
    {
        private:
            int m_suit;
            int m_face;
        public:
            Card(int face, int suit);
            static string suits[];
            static string faces[];
            string toString(string s_face, string s_suit);
            int getFace();
            void setFace(int face);
            int getSuit();
            void setSuit(int suit);
    };

    Card::Card(int face, int suit)
    {
        m_face = face;
        m_suit = suit;
    } 

    string Card::suits[] = {"Hearts", "Diamonds", "Clubs", "Spades"};
    string Card::faces[] = {"Ace", "Deuce", "Three", "Four", "Five", 
    "Six", "Seven", "Eight", "Nine", "Ten", "Hyman", "Queen", "King"};

    int Card::getFace(){return m_face;}
    void Card::setFace(int face){m_face = face;}
    int Card::getSuit(){return m_suit;}
    void Card::setSuit(int suit){m_suit = suit;}

    string Card::toString(string s_face, string s_suit)
    {
        string card = s_face + " of " + s_suit;
        return card;
    }





    #include <iostream>     // cout
#include <algorithm>    // random_shuffle
#include <vector>       // vector
#include <ctime>        // time
#include <cstdlib> 
#include "Card.h"

using namespace std;

class deckOfCards
{
    private:
        vector<Card> deck;

    public:
        deckOfCards();
        static int count;
        static int next;
        void shuffle(vector<Card>& deck);
        Card dealCard();
        bool moreCards();
};

int deckOfCards::count = 0;
int deckOfCards::next = 0;

deckOfCards::deckOfCards()
{
    const int FACES = 12;
    const int SUITS = 4;
    int currentCard = 0;
    for (int face = 0; face < FACES; face++)
        {
            for (int suit = 0; suit < SUITS; suit++)
                {
                    Card card = Card(face,suit); //card created and initialized
                    deck.push_back(card);
                    currentCard++;
                }
        }

}

void deckOfCards::shuffle(vector<Card>& deck)
{   
    random_shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end());
    /*vector<Card>::iterator iter;
    for (iter = deck.begin(); iter!=deck.end(); iter++)
    {
        Card currentCard = *iter;
        random_shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end());
        Card randomCard = deck[num];
        //change values.....
    }*/
}

Card deckOfCards::dealCard()
{
    Card nextCard = deck[next];
    next++;
    return nextCard;
}

bool deckOfCards::moreCards()
{
    if (count < 52)
    {
        count++;
        return true;
    }
    else
        return false;
}


    #include <iostream>
#include "deckOfCards.h"

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv) 
{
    deckOfCards cardDeck; // create DeckOfCards object
    cardDeck.shuffle(cardDeck); // shuffle the cards in the deck
    while (cardDeck.moreCards() == true)
        {
            cout << dealCard(cardDeck);// deal the cards in the deck
        }
    return 0;
}

回答by John Dibling

You are trying to call DeckOfCards::shufflewith a deckOfCardsparameter:

您正在尝试DeckOfCards::shuffle使用deckOfCards参数调用：

deckOfCards cardDeck; // create DeckOfCards object
cardDeck.shuffle(cardDeck); // shuffle the cards in the deck

But the method takes a vector<Card>&:

但该方法需要一个vector<Card>&：

void deckOfCards::shuffle(vector<Card>& deck)

---

---

The compiler error messages are quite clear on this. I'll paraphrase the compiler as it talks to you.

编译器错误消息对此非常清楚。我将在编译器与您交谈时对其进行解释。

Error:

错误：

[Error] no matching function for call to 'deckOfCards::shuffle(deckOfCards&)'

Paraphrased:

释义：

Hey, pal. You're trying to call a function called shufflewhich apparently takes a single parameter of type reference-to-deckOfCards, but there is no such function.

嘿，伙计。您正在尝试调用一个被调用的函数shuffle，该函数显然带有一个类型为 reference-to- 的参数deckOfCards，但没有这样的函数。

Error:

错误：

[Note] candidate is:

In file included from main.cpp

[Note] void deckOfCards::shuffle(std::vector&)

Paraphrased:

释义：

I mean, maybe you meant this other function called shuffle, but that one takes a reference-tovector<something>.

我的意思是，也许您的意思是另一个名为 的函数shuffle，但该函数引用了vector<something>.

Error:

错误：

[Note] no known conversion for argument 1 from 'deckOfCards' to 'std::vector&'

Which I'd be happy to call if I knew how to convert from a deckOfCardsto a vector; but I don't. So I won't.

如果我知道如何从 a 转换为 a deckOfCards，我很乐意打电话 给它vector；但我没有。所以我不会。

回答by stellarossa

to add to John's answer:

添加约翰的回答：

what you want to pass to the shufflefunction is a deck of cards from the class deckOfCardsthat you've declared in main; however, the deck of cards or vector<Card> deckthat you've declared in your class is private, so not accessible from outside the class. this means you'd want a getter function, something like this:

您想要传递给该shuffle函数的是deckOfCards您在 main 中声明的类中的一副纸牌；但是，一副牌或vector<Card> deck您在课堂上声明的牌是私有的，因此无法从课堂外访问。这意味着您需要一个 getter 函数，如下所示：

class deckOfCards
{
    private:
        vector<Card> deck;

    public:
        deckOfCards();
        static int count;
        static int next;
        void shuffle(vector<Card>& deck);
        Card dealCard();
        bool moreCards();
        vector<Card>& getDeck() {   //GETTER
            return deck;
        }
};

this will in turn allow you to call your shuffle function from main like this:

这将反过来允许您像这样从 main 调用您的 shuffle 函数：

deckOfCards cardDeck; // create DeckOfCards object
cardDeck.shuffle(cardDeck.getDeck()); // shuffle the cards in the deck

however, you have more problems, specifically when calling cout. first, you're calling the dealCardfunction wrongly; as dealCardis a memeber function of a class, you should be calling it like this cardDeck.dealCard();instead of this dealCard(cardDeck);.

但是，您有更多问题，特别是在调用cout. 首先，您dealCard错误地调用了该函数；作为dealCard类的成员函数，您应该像这样调用它cardDeck.dealCard();而不是 this dealCard(cardDeck);。

now, we come to your second problem - print to standard output. you're trying to print your deal card, which is an object of type Cardby using the following instruction:

现在，我们来解决您的第二个问题 - 打印到标准输出。您正在尝试Card使用以下指令打印您的交易卡，这是一个类型的对象：

cout << cardDeck.dealCard();// deal the cards in the deck

yet, the coutdoesn't know how to print it, as it's not a standard type. this means you should overloadyour <<operator to print whatever you want it to print when calling with a Cardtype.

然而，cout它不知道如何打印它，因为它不是标准类型。这意味着您应该重载您的<<运算符以在使用Card类型调用时打印您希望它打印的任何内容。