bash ~/.ssh/config 文件可以使用变量吗？
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Can an ~/.ssh/config file use variables?
提问by Bob Risky
I am writing an SSH config file and want to perform a bit of logic. For example:
我正在编写一个 SSH 配置文件并想要执行一些逻辑。例如：
Host myhost1
ProxyCommand ssh -A {choose randomly between [bastion_host1] and [bastion_host2]} -W %h:%p
Is it possible to achieve the above using (bash?) variables? Thanks!
是否可以使用（bash？）变量来实现上述目的？谢谢！
采纳答案by ghoti
Your proxycommand can be a shell script.
您的代理命令可以是一个 shell 脚本。
host myhost1
ProxyCommand $HOME/bin/selecthost %h %p
And then in ~/bin/selecthost:
然后在~/bin/selecthost：
#!/usr/bin/env bash
hosts=(bastion1 bastion2)
onehost=${hosts[$RANDOM % ${#hosts[@]}]}
ssh -x -a -q ${2:+-W :} $onehost
Untested. Your milage may vary. May contain nuts.
未经测试。您的里程可能会有所不同。可能含有坚果。
Update:
更新：
Per comments, I've tested the following, and it also works nicely:
根据评论，我已经测试了以下内容，并且效果很好：
host myhost1 myhost2
ProxyCommand bash -c 'hosts=(bastion1 bastion2); ssh -xaqW%h:22 ${hosts[$RANDOM % ${#hosts[@]}]}'
Of course, this method doesn't allow you to specify a custom port per host, which you could add to the logic of a separate shell script if required for multiple hosts in the same hostentry in your ssh config.
当然，此方法不允许您为每个主机指定自定义端口，如果hostssh 配置中的同一条目中的多个主机需要，您可以将其添加到单独的 shell 脚本的逻辑中。
回答by janos
In ~/.ssh/configyou cannot have much logic, and no Bash. The manual for this file is in man ssh_config, and it makes no mention of such feature.
在~/.ssh/config你不能有太多的逻辑，并没有击。该文件的手册在 中man ssh_config，并没有提及该功能。
What you can do is create a script that will have the logic you need, and make you ssh configuration call that script. Something along the lines of:
您可以做的是创建一个具有您需要的逻辑的脚本，并使您的 ssh 配置调用该脚本。类似的东西：
ProxyCommand sudo /root/bin/ssh-randomly.sh [bastion_host1] [bastion_host2]
And write a Bash script /root/bin/ssh-randomly.shto take two hostname parameters, select one of them randomly, and run the real sshcommand with the appropriate parameters.
并编写一个 Bash 脚本/root/bin/ssh-randomly.sh，取两个主机名参数，随机选择其中一个，并ssh使用适当的参数运行真正的命令。
回答by chepner
No; .ssh/configis not processed by any outside program. You'll need a shell function along the lines of
不; .ssh/config不被任何外部程序处理。您将需要一个 shell 函数
ssh () {
(( $RANDOM % 2 )) && bastion=bastion_host1 || bastion=bastion_host2
command ssh -A "$bastion" "$@"
}
