Java 为什么实体名称必须紧跟在 XML 出现的实体引用中的“&”之后？
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Why must the entity name immediately follow the '&' in the entity reference appearing for the XML?
提问by testing
I have a XML file called /NewFile.xmlin the D: directory. The XML file contains the following details:
我在 D: 目录中有一个名为/NewFile.xml的 XML 文件。XML 文件包含以下详细信息：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project>
<logindetails id="1001">
<url>https:xxx</url>
<username>xxx</username>
<password>xxx</password>
</logindetails >
<kpi id="1001">
<id_r>reports</id_r>
<id_e>extranet</id_e>
<id_pr>ext-pr</id_pr>
</kpi>
<prkpi id="1001">
<id_1>ext-pr-backlog-age</id_1>
<id_2>ext-timetoassign-prs</id_2>
<id_3>ext-timetodeliver-prs</id_3>
<id_4>ext-timetoresolve-prs</id_4>
<id_5>ext-new-prs</id_5>
</prkpi>
<filtersection id="1001">
<visualizationId>Day,Week,Month,Quarter,Semester,Year,RD Tech Group,ICC,Center,Software Pack,Product,Project,Customer PRs,Severity,Priority</visualizationId>
<projectId>dev/v4.3/r4/e12sqq,BATS,1523 Business IAD & Business CPE,[CoCo2M],VQM</projectId>
</filtersection>
</project>The following code I'm running in eclipse as follows:
我在 eclipse 中运行的以下代码如下：
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.xml.DOMConfigurator;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
public class A {
static Properties p= new Properties();
String url=p.getProperty("url");
private static Logger Log = Logger.getLogger(A.class.getName());
public static void main(String[] args) throws SAXException, IOException, ParserConfigurationException, InterruptedException {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
A a = new A();
Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
DOMConfigurator.configure("src/log4j.xml");
String url = a.readXML("logindetails","url");
String username = a.readXML("logindetails","username");
String password = a.readXML("logindetails","password");
//use username for webdriver specific actions
Log.info("Sign in to the OneReports website");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get(url);
Thread.sleep(5000);
Log.info("Enter Username");
driver.findElement(By.id("loginUsername")).sendKeys(username);
Log.info("Enter Password");
driver.findElement(By.id("loginPassword")).sendKeys(password);
//submit
Log.info("Submitting login details");
waitforElement(driver,120 , "//*[@id='submit']");
driver.findElement(By.id("submit")).submit();
Thread.sleep(5000);
Log.info("Clicking on Reports link");
String id_r = a.readXML("kpi","id_r");
WebElement menuHoverLink = driver.findElement(By.id(id_r));
actions.moveToElement(menuHoverLink).perform();
Thread.sleep(6000);
String id_e = a.readXML("kpi","id_e");
WebElement menuHoverLink1 = driver.findElement(By.id(id_e));
actions.moveToElement(menuHoverLink1).perform();
Thread.sleep(6000);
String id_pr = a.readXML("kpi","id_pr");
WebElement menuHoverLink2 = driver.findElement(By.id(id_pr));
actions.moveToElement(menuHoverLink2).perform();
Thread.sleep(6000);
String id_1 = a.readXML("prkpi","id_1");
WebElement menuHoverLink3 = driver.findElement(By.id(id_1));
actions.moveToElement(menuHoverLink3).click().perform();
Thread.sleep(6000);
}
private static void waitforElement(WebDriver driver, int i, String string) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public String readXML(String searchelement,String tag) throws SAXException, IOException, ParserConfigurationException{
String ele = null;
File fXmlFile = new File("D://NewFile.xml");
DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = dBuilder.parse(fXmlFile);
doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName(searchelement);
Node nNode = nList.item(0);
if (nNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
Element eElement = (Element) nNode;
ele=eElement.getElementsByTagName(tag).item(0).getTextContent();
}
return ele;
}
}When running this code I'm getting the following error in the console as follows:
运行此代码时，我在控制台中收到以下错误，如下所示：
Fatal Error] NewFile.xml:27:57: The entity name must immediately follow the '&' in the entity reference.
Exception in thread "main" org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; systemId: file:/D:/NewFile.xml; lineNumber: 27; columnNumber: 57; The entity name must immediately follow the '&' in the entity reference.
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(Unknown Source)
at javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(Unknown Source)
at A.readXML(A.java:94)
at A.main(A.java:40)Please give me a solution for this issue..
请给我一个解决这个问题的方法..
采纳答案by The111
You have an unescaped &in there, just like @chrylis says the message says. ;-)
你&在那里有一个未转义的人，就像@chrylis 说的那样。;-)
Change Business IAD & Business CPEto Business IAD & Business CPE.
更改Business IAD & Business CPE为Business IAD & Business CPE。
See also: What characters do I need to escape in XML documents?
另请参阅：我需要在 XML 文档中转义哪些字符？
回答by ajb
You cannot use an ampersand (&) directly in an XML file. Change this:
不能&在 XML 文件中直接使用与号 ( )。改变这个：
1523 Business IAD & Business CPE
to this:
对此：
1523 Business IAD & Business CPE
The reason for the somewhat confusing error message is that when an XML processor sees &, it expects it to be immediately followed by an entity name or a "character reference", such as &, <, ≛, etc. So it saw the &in your name and didn't guess that you had just used it incorrectly.
究其原因，有些混乱的错误消息是，当XML处理器看到&，它希望它是紧跟着的一个实体的名称或“字符引用”，如&，<，≛，等于是它看到了&您的姓名和没不要猜测你只是用错了它。
