Python：如何从目录中的所有模块导入？
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Python: how to import from all modules in dir?
提问by ov7a
Dir structure:
目录结构：
main.py
my_modules/
module1.py
module2.py
module1.py:
模块1.py：
class fooBar():
....
class pew_pew_FooBarr()
....
...
How can I add all classes from module* to main without prefixes (i.e. to use them like foo = fooBar(), not foo = my_modules.module1.fooBar()).
如何在没有前缀的情况下将 module* 中的所有类添加到 main（即像 foo = fooBar() 一样使用它们，而不是 foo = my_modules.module1.fooBar()）。
An obvious decision is to write in main.py something like this:
一个明显的决定是在 main.py 中编写如下内容：
from my_modules.module1 import *
from my_modules.module2 import *
from my_modules.module3 import *
...
But I don't want to change main.py when I create new moduleN. Is there solution for that?
但是我不想在创建新的 moduleN 时更改 main.py。有解决方案吗？
I do know it's not a good idea to import classes like this, but I'm still curious about that.
我知道导入这样的类不是一个好主意，但我仍然对此感到好奇。
UPD: This question differs from this one Loading all modules in a folder in Python, because my problem is to load modules without namespaces.
UPD：这个问题不同于在 Python 中加载文件夹中的所有模块，因为我的问题是加载没有命名空间的模块。
采纳答案by Blender
In the my_modulesfolder, add a __init__.pyfile to make it a proper package. In that file, you can inject the globals of each of those modules in the global scope of the __init__.pyfile, which makes them available as your module is imported (after you've also added the name of the global to the __all__variable):
在my_modules文件夹中，添加一个__init__.py文件，使其成为一个合适的包。在该文件中，您可以在文件的全局范围内注入每个模块的全局变量__init__.py，这使得它们在导入模块时可用（在您还将全局名称添加到__all__变量之后）：
__all__ = []
import pkgutil
import inspect
for loader, name, is_pkg in pkgutil.walk_packages(__path__):
module = loader.find_module(name).load_module(name)
for name, value in inspect.getmembers(module):
if name.startswith('__'):
continue
globals()[name] = value
__all__.append(name)
Now, instead of doing:
现在，而不是做：
from my_modules.class1 import Stuff
You can just do:
你可以这样做：
from my_modules import Stuff
Or to import everything into the global scope, which seems to be what you want to do:
或者将所有内容导入全局范围，这似乎是您想要做的：
from my_modules import *
The problem with this approach is classes overwrite one another, so if two modules provide Foo, you'll only be able to use the one that was imported last.
这种方法的问题是类会相互覆盖，因此如果两个模块提供Foo，您将只能使用最后导入的一个。
