如何在 Ruby 中将字符串转换为 UTF8
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How to convert a string to UTF8 in Ruby
提问by ciembor
I'm writing a crawler which uses Hpricot. It downloads a list of strings from some webpage, then I try to write it to the file. Something is wrong with the encoding:
我正在编写一个使用 Hpricot 的爬虫。它从某个网页下载字符串列表，然后我尝试将其写入文件。编码有问题：
"\xC3" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8
I have items which are rendered on a webpage and printed this way:
我有在网页上呈现并以这种方式打印的项目：
D??veloppement
the str.encodingreturns UTF-8, so force_encoding('UTF-8')doesn't help. How may I convert this to readable UTF-8?
的str.encoding回报UTF-8，所以force_encoding('UTF-8')没有帮助。如何将其转换为可读的 UTF-8？
回答by Stefan
Your string seems to have been encoded the wrong way round:
您的字符串似乎以错误的方式编码：
"D??veloppement".encode("iso-8859-1").force_encoding("utf-8")
#=> "Développement"
回答by knut
Seems your string thinks it is UTF-8, but in reality, it is something else, probably ISO-8859-1.
似乎你的字符串认为它是 UTF-8，但实际上，它是别的东西，可能是 ISO-8859-1。
Define (force) the correct encoding first, then convert it to UTF-8.
首先定义（强制）正确的编码，然后将其转换为 UTF-8。
In your example:
在你的例子中：
puts "D??veloppement".encode('iso-8859-1').encode('utf-8')
An alternative is:
另一种选择是：
puts "\xC3".force_encoding('iso-8859-1').encode('utf-8') #-> ?
If the ?makes no sense, then try another encoding.
如果?没有意义，则尝试另一种编码。
回答by kaleb4eg
"ruby 1.9: invalid byte sequence in UTF-8" described another good approach with less code:
“ ruby 1.9: invalid byte sequence in UTF-8”描述了另一种用较少代码的好方法：
file_contents.encode!('UTF-16', 'UTF-8')
