在 Ruby on Rails 中使用 Devise 播种用户

Seeding users with Devise in Ruby on Rails

提问by at.

In my development and test environments, I want to seed the database with a bunch of users. I'm using Ruby on Rails v3.2.8 and the latest Devise. So I added this line in my db/seeds.rb file:

在我的开发和测试环境中，我想用一群用户为数据库做种子。我正在使用 Ruby on Rails v3.2.8 和最新的 Devise。所以我在我的 db/seeds.rb 文件中添加了这一行：

User.create(email: '[email protected]', encrypted_password: '#$taawktljasktlw4aaglj')

However, when I run rake db:setup, I get the following error:

但是，当我运行时rake db:setup，出现以下错误：

rake aborted! Can't mass-assign protected attributes: encrypted_password

耙子中止！无法批量分配受保护的属性：encrypted_pa​​ssword

What is the proper way to seed users?

播种用户的正确方法是什么？

回答by Arun Kumar Arjunan

You have to do like this:

你必须这样做：

user = User.new
user.email = '[email protected]'
user.encrypted_password = '#$taawktljasktlw4aaglj'
user.save!

Read this guide to understand what mass-assignment is: http://guides.rubyonrails.org/security.html

阅读本指南以了解什么是批量赋值：http: //guides.rubyonrails.org/security.html

I am wondering why do have to directly set the encrypted password. You could do this:

我想知道为什么要直接设置加密密码。你可以这样做：

user.password = 'valid_password'
user.password_confirmation = 'valid_password'

回答by George

Arun is right. It's easier just to do this in your seeds.rb

阿伦是对的。在你的seeds.rb 中更容易做到这一点

user = User.create! :name => 'John Doe', :email => '[email protected]', :password => 'topsecret', :password_confirmation => 'topsecret'

回答by Muhammad Sannan Khalid

The skip_confirmationmethod will only work if you have confirmablemodule in your user model, otherwise remove it.

该skip_confirmation方法仅confirmable在您的用户模型中有模块时才有效，否则将其删除。

  user = User.new(
      :email                 => "[email protected]",
      :password              => "123456",
      :password_confirmation => "123456"
  )
  user.skip_confirmation!
  user.save!

回答by Koxzi

This is an old question but here is an example with an admin user (from cancancan):

这是一个老问题，但这里有一个管理员用户的例子（来自 cancancan）：

User.create!([
  {email: "[email protected]", password: "testadminuser", password_confirmation: "testadminuser", reset_password_token: nil, reset_password_sent_at: nil, remember_created_at: nil, sign_in_count: 1, current_sign_in_at: "2015-02-06 14:02:10", last_sign_in_at: "2015-02-06 14:02:10", current_sign_in_ip: "127.0.0.1", last_sign_in_ip: "127.0.0.1", admin: true},
  {email: "[email protected]", password: "testuseraccount", password_confirmation: "testuseraccount", reset_password_token: nil, reset_password_sent_at: nil, remember_created_at: nil, sign_in_count: 1, current_sign_in_at: "2015-02-06 14:03:01", last_sign_in_at: "2015-02-06 14:03:01", current_sign_in_ip: "127.0.0.1", last_sign_in_ip: "127.0.0.1", admin: false},
  {email: "[email protected]", password: "testcustomeruser", password_confirmation: "testcustomeruser", reset_password_token: nil, reset_password_sent_at: nil, remember_created_at: nil, sign_in_count: 1, current_sign_in_at: "2015-02-06 14:03:44", last_sign_in_at: "2015-02-06 14:03:44", current_sign_in_ip: "127.0.0.1", last_sign_in_ip: "127.0.0.1", admin: false}
])

回答by Victor

If you're using the devise confirmablemodule you need to do something like:

如果您使用的是设计confirmable模块，则需要执行以下操作：

user = User.new(
  email: '[email protected]', 
  password: '123456789', 
  password_confirmation: '123456789'
)
user.skip_confirmation!
user.save!

The skip_confirmation!call just tell to devise that you don't need to confirm this account.
Other option is just set the confirmed_atuser attribute as Time.now.utcbefore save.

该skip_confirmation!呼叫只是告诉制定，你并不需要确认这个账户。
其他选项只是confirmed_at像Time.now.utc保存之前一样设置用户属性。

回答by alexventuraio

I don't know if it may help but actually I'm doing this to create a default Admin userin my Rails 5app but without sharing the password in plain text in my GitHub repository.

我不知道它是否有帮助，但实际上我这样做是为了在我的Rails 5应用程序中创建一个默认的管理员用户，但没有在我的 GitHub 存储库中以纯文本形式共享密码。

Basically the logic for this is:

基本上，这样做的逻辑是：

• Generate a secure random password for the default user when seeded.
• Go to ".../admins/sign_in"and click on "Forgot your password?"link to RESET it.
• Get the reset password linkin that default email account.
• Set a new password.

• 播种时为默认用户生成安全随机密码。
• 转到“.../admins/sign_in”并单击“忘记密码？” 链接重置它。
• 在该默认电子邮件帐户中获取重置密码链接。
• 设置新密码。

So in the db/seeds.rbappend this:

所以在db/seeds.rb追加这个：

randomPassword = Devise.friendly_token.first(8)
mainAdminUser = Admin.create!(email: "[email protected]", password: randomPassword, name: "Username")

And if you are using devise confirmablefeature just skip confirmable option by doing this:

如果您正在使用设计confirmable功能，只需通过执行以下操作跳过可确认选项：

mainAdminUser = Admin.new(
    email: "[email protected]",
    password: randomPassword,
    password_confirmation: randomPassword,
    name: "Username"
)
mainAdminUser.skip_confirmation!
mainAdminUser.save!

And your good to go!

祝你好运！

Now you have a default user but you are not sharing a default password! I hope it could be useful for somebody.

现在您有一个默认用户，但您没有共享默认密码！我希望它对某人有用。

回答by doncadavona

To seed the users table:

要为 users 表设定种子：

User.create(
        email: "[email protected]",
        password: "12345678"
    )

With deviseinstalled, the :passwordwill be automatically hashed and saved to :encrypted_password

随着色器件安装后，:password会自动散列并保存到:encrypted_password

回答by lacostenycoder

For devise users in seeds.rb file, what worked for me was to use a generic password upon saving the new user. Then update the encrypted password and save the model again. This was a hacky way.

对于seeds.rb 文件中的设计用户，对我有用的是在保存新用户时使用通用密码。然后更新加密密码并再次保存模型。这是一种骇人听闻的方式。

user = User.new(
    :email                 => "[email protected]",
    :password              => "fat12345",
    :password_confirmation => "fat12345"
)
user.save!
user.encrypted_password="ENCRYPT.MY.ASS!!!KJASOPJ090923ULXCIULSH.IXJ!S920"
user.save

UPDATE others have posted and this is better way to do it:

更新其他人已经发布，这是更好的方法：

user = User.new(
    email: "[email protected]", 
    password: "foob1234", 
    password_confirmation: "foob1234"
)
user.skip_confirmation! #only if using confirmable in devise settings in user model.
user.save!

回答by aloucas

Use your db/seeds.rb file to initiate your first user:

使用您的 db/seeds.rb 文件启动您的第一个用户：

User.create!(email: '[email protected]', 
             password: '123456789', 
             password_confirmation: '123456789')

回答by AnkitG

I Did something same in one of my requirements so just pasting my snippet

我在我的一项要求中做了同样的事情，所以只是粘贴我的代码片段

def triggerSeedUsers
      p "Starting Seeding Users..."
      p   "Deleting all users"..
      User.destroy_all
      normal_users = [{:email => '[email protected]', :login => "abc_demo", :name => 'abc Demo'}]
      admin_users = [{:email => '[email protected]', :login => 'abc_admin', :name => 'abc Admin'}]

      [normal_users,admin_users].each do |user_type|
        user_type.each do |user|
          User.create!(:name => user[:name],
            :login => user[:login],
            :email => user[:email],
            :first_login => false,
            :password => 'P@ssw0rd',
            :password_confirmation => 'P@ssw0rd'
            )
        end
      end
      User.where('name LIKE ?', '%demo%').update_all(:is_admin => 0)
      User.where('name LIKE ?', '%admin%').update_all(:is_admin => 1)
     end