C语言 如何在不使用 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 的情况下在 makefile 中链接特定版本的共享库？
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How to link a specific version of a shared library in makefile without using LD_LIBRARY_PATH?
提问by Z.Zen
I know that LD_LIBRARY_PATH is eviland it's a good habit to avoid using it.
I have a program called server.con a remote Solaris 9 server that holds two versions of openssl library (0.9.8 and 1.0.0) and I'm using gcc 3.4.6. My program need to link to 1.0.0a version. Because it's work environment, I don't have the right to modify anything in the openssl library directory. I figured out to compile my program with both -Land -Roptions without setting LD_LIBRARY_PATHand it worked fine. (I noticed it won't work without setting -Roption) But the compiled program kept linking to /usr/local/ssl/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8instead of /.../libssl.so.1.0.0. Is there a work-around for this?
我知道LD_LIBRARY_PATH 是邪恶的，避免使用它是一个好习惯。我有一个server.c在远程 Solaris 9 服务器上调用的程序，该服务器包含两个版本的 openssl 库（0.9.8 和 1.0.0），我使用的是 gcc 3.4.6。我的程序需要链接到 1.0.0a 版本。因为是工作环境，我无权修改openssl库目录下的任何东西。我想在没有设置的情况下使用-L和-R选项编译我的程序，LD_LIBRARY_PATH它运行良好。（我注意到如果没有设置-R选项它就无法工作）但是编译的程序一直链接到/usr/local/ssl/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8而不是/.../libssl.so.1.0.0. 有解决方法吗？
BTW, please correct me if I'm wrong: is it the -Roption that actually "link" the shared libraries at runtime and -Loption only "load" shared libraries at compile time?
顺便说一句，如果我错了，请纠正我：它是-R在运行时实际“链接”共享库的选项，而-L选项仅在编译时“加载”共享库吗？
Any help will be much appreciated!
任何帮助都感激不尽！
Z.Zen
禅
//////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////
Here is my Makefile:
这是我的Makefile：
CC = gcc
OPENSSLDIR = /usr/local/ssl
CFLAGS = -g -Wall -W -I${OPENSSLDIR}/include -O2 -D_REENTRANT -D__EXTENSIONS__
RPATH = -R${OPENSSLDIR}/lib
LD = ${RPATH} -L${OPENSSLDIR}/lib -lssl -lcrypto -lsocket -lnsl -lpthread
OBJS = common.o
PROGS = server
all: ${PROGS}
server: server.o ${OBJS}
${CC} server.o ${OBJS} -o server ${LD}
clean:;
${RM} ${PROGS} *.ln *.BAK *.bak *.o
回答by Z.Zen
I figured out that I can include the absolute path of the specific library that I want to link to and it worked fine for me:
我发现我可以包含我想要链接到的特定库的绝对路径，它对我来说很好用：
LD = ${RPATH} -lsocket -lnsl -lpthread ${OPENSSLDIR}/lib/libssl.so.1.0.0 \
${OPENSSLDIR}/lib/libcrypto.so.1.0.0
If you are using g++, Piotr Lesnickipointed out that -l:libssl.so.1.0.0also works. See more at the original post.
如果您使用g++，Piotr Lesnicki指出这-l:libssl.so.1.0.0也有效。在原帖中查看更多信息。
回答by Raghuram
Do you have any links to the SSL lib? If not, can you create a link to the the desired SSL lib like
你有任何指向 SSL 库的链接吗？如果没有，您能否创建一个指向所需 SSL 库的链接，例如
ln -s libssl.so.1.0.0 libssl.so
in the ssl directory and try it
在ssl目录下试试
