bash：什么是工作规范
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bash: What is a jobspec
提问by american-ninja-warrior
While reading documentation [1], the term "jobspec" appears a few times.
在阅读文档 [1] 时，术语“jobspec”出现了几次。
What is a jobspec?
什么是工作规范？
[1] https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Job-Control-Builtins.html
[1] https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Job-Control-Builtins.html
回答by Rany Albeg Wein
The job control section of Greg's Bash Guidedescribes this as follows:
Greg 的 Bash 指南的作业控制部分对此进行了如下描述：
A job specification or "jobspec" is a way of referring to the processes that make up a job. A jobspec may be:
%nto refer to job numbern.%strto refer to a job which was started by a command beginning withstr. It is an error if there is more than one such job.%?strto refer to a job which was started by a command containingstr. It is an error if there is more than one such job.%%or%+to refer to the current job: the one most recently started in the background, or suspended from the foreground. fg and bg will operate on this job if no jobspec is given.%-for the previous job (the job that was%%before the current one).
作业规范或“作业规范”是指构成作业的流程的一种方式。工作规范可能是：
%n参考工作编号n。%str引用由以 开头的命令启动的作业str。如果有多个这样的工作，这是一个错误。%?str引用由包含str. 如果有多个这样的工作，这是一个错误。%%或%+引用当前作业：最近在后台启动或从前台暂停的作业。如果没有提供 jobspec，fg 和 bg 将在此作业上运行。%-上一份工作（当前工作%%之前的工作）。
