查找文件名是否包含 bash 脚本中的某个字符串
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find if filename contains a certain string in bash script
提问by katiayx
I have a bunch of output files in a directory, such as: a.out, b.out c.out, etc.
我在一个目录中有一堆输出文件，例如：a.out、b.out c.out 等。
I want to search through the output files and if the output file namecontains a certain string (such as "a"), then it will print the corresponding output file "a.out" to screen.
我想搜索输出文件，如果输出文件名包含某个字符串（例如“a”），那么它会将相应的输出文件“a.out”打印到屏幕上。
After I cd-ed into the output files directory, here's my code:
在我 cd 进入输出文件目录后，这是我的代码：
OUT_FILE="*.out"
OT=$OUT_FILE
STRING="a"
For file in "$OT";do
if [[$file == *"$STRING"*]];then
echo $file
fi
done
The error I received is [[*.out: command not found. It looks like $file is interpreted as $OT, not as individual files that matches $OT.
我收到的错误是 [[*.out: command not found。看起来 $file 被解释为 $OT，而不是与 $OT 匹配的单个文件。
But when I removed the if statement and just did a for-loop to echo each $file, the output gave me all the files that ended with .out.
但是当我删除 if 语句并只执行 for 循环来回显每个 $file 时，输出给了我所有以 .out 结尾的文件。
Would love some help to understand what I did wrong. Thanks in advance.
希望得到一些帮助以了解我做错了什么。提前致谢。
回答by Jens
Without bashisms like [[(works in any Bourne-heritage shell) and blindingly fast since it does not fork any utility program:
没有像[[（适用于任何 Bourne-heritage shell）之类的 bashisms并且非常快，因为它没有分叉任何实用程序：
for file in *.out; do
case $file in
(*a*) printf '%s\n' "$file";;
esac
done
If you want you can replace (*a*)with (*$STRING*).
如果你愿意，你可以(*a*)用(*$STRING*).
Alternative if you have a findthat understands -maxdepth 1:
如果你有一个find理解的替代方案-maxdepth 1：
find . -maxdepth 1 -name \*"$STRING"\*.out
PS: Your question is a bit unclear. The code you posted tests for ain the file name(and so does my code). But your text suggests you want to search for ain the file contents. Which is it? Can you clarify?
PS：你的问题有点不清楚。您a在文件名中发布测试的代码（我的代码也是如此）。但是您的文字表明您要a在文件内容中搜索。是哪个？你能澄清一下吗？
回答by Kusalananda
You need space after [[and before ]]:
[[前后需要空间]]：
for file in *.out;do
if [[ "$file" == *"$STRING"* ]];then
printf '%s\n' "$file"
fi
done
or just
要不就
for file in *"$STRING"*.out; do
printf '%s\n' "$file"
done
or
或者
printf '%s\n' *"$STRING"*.out
