Python 3 smtplib 使用 unicode 字符发送
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Python 3 smtplib send with unicode characters
提问by foosion
I'm having a problem emailing unicode characters using smtplib in Python 3. This fails in 3.1.1, but works in 2.5.4:
我在 Python 3 中使用 smtplib 发送 unicode 字符时遇到问题。这在 3.1.1 中失败，但在 2.5.4 中有效：
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
sender = to = '[email protected]'
server = 'smtp.DEF.com'
msg = MIMEText('10')
msg['Subject'] = 'Hello'
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = to
s = smtplib.SMTP(server)
s.sendmail(sender, [to], msg.as_string())
s.quit()
I tried an example from the docs, which also failed. http://docs.python.org/3.1/library/email-examples.html, the Send the contents of a directory as a MIME message example
我尝试了文档中的一个示例，但也失败了。 http://docs.python.org/3.1/library/email-examples.html，将目录的内容作为 MIME 消息发送示例
Any suggestions?
有什么建议？
回答by Alex Martelli
The key is in the docs:
关键在文档中：
class email.mime.text.MIMEText(_text, _subtype='plain', _charset='us-ascii')
A subclass of MIMENonMultipart, the MIMEText class is used to create MIME objects of major type text. _text is the string for the payload. _subtype is the minor type and defaults to plain. _charset is the character set of the text and is passed as a parameter to the MIMENonMultipart constructor; it defaults to us-ascii. No guessing or encoding is performed on the text data.
MIMEText 类是 MIMENonMultipart 的子类，用于创建主要类型文本的 MIME 对象。_text 是负载的字符串。_subtype 是次要类型，默认为普通类型。_charset 是文本的字符集，作为参数传递给 MIMENonMultipart 构造函数；它默认为 us-ascii。不对文本数据进行猜测或编码。
So what you need is clearly, notmsg = MIMEText('10'), but rather:
所以你需要的显然不是msg = MIMEText('10')，而是：
msg = MIMEText('10'.encode('utf-8'), _charset='utf-8')
While not all that clearly documented, sendmailneeds a byte-string, not a Unicode one (that's what the SMTP protocol specifies); look to what msg.as_string()looks like for each of the two ways of building it -- given the "no guessing or encoding", your way still has that euro character in there (and no way for sendmail to turn it into a bytestring), mine doesn't (and utf-8 is clearly specified throughout).
尽管没有明确记录，sendmail需要一个字节字符串，而不是 Unicode 字符串（这是 SMTP 协议指定的内容）；查看msg.as_string()构建它的两种方式中的每一种的外观 - 鉴于“不猜测或编码”，您的方式仍然有欧元字符（并且 sendmail 无法将其转换为字节串），我的没有't（并且在整个过程中都明确指定了 utf-8）。
回答by SilentGhost
_charsetparameter of MIMETextdefaults to us-asciiaccording to the docs. Since is not from us-ascii set it isn't working.
_charset根据docs的MIMEText默认参数。由于不是来自 us-ascii 集，因此无法正常工作。us-ascii
example in the docs that you've tried clearly states:
您尝试过的文档中的示例明确指出：
For this example, assume that the text file contains only ASCII characters.
对于此示例，假设文本文件仅包含 ASCII 字符。
You could use .get_charsetmethod on your message to investigate the charset, there is incidentally .set_charsetas well.
您可以.get_charset在您的消息中使用方法来调查字符集，顺便说一下.set_charset。
回答by Paul D. Waite
Gus Mueller had a similar issue: http://bugs.python.org/issue4403
Gus Mueller 有一个类似的问题：http: //bugs.python.org/issue4403
