Java 如何在正则表达式中键入“：”（“冒号”）？
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How to type ":" ("colon") in regexp?
提问by javapowered
:("colon") has a special meaning in regexp, but I need to use it as is, like [A-Za-z0-9.,-:]*.
I have tried to escape it, but this does not work [A-Za-z0-9.,-\:]*
:（“冒号”）在正则表达式中具有特殊含义，但我需要按原样使用它，例如[A-Za-z0-9.,-:]*. 我试图逃避它，但这不起作用[A-Za-z0-9.,-\:]*
采纳答案by Bart Kiers
In most regex implementations (including Java's), :has no special meaning, neither inside nor outside a character class.
在大多数正则表达式实现（包括 Java 的）中，:在字符类内部或外部都没有特殊含义。
Your problem is most likely due to the fact the -acts as a range operator in your class:
您的问题很可能是由于-它在您的班级中充当范围运算符：
[A-Za-z0-9.,-:]*
where ,-:matches all ascii characters between ','and ':'. Note that it still matches the literal ':'however!
where,-:匹配','和之间的所有 ascii 字符':'。请注意，它仍然与文字匹配':'！
Try this instead:
试试这个：
[A-Za-z0-9.,:-]*
By placing -at the start or the end of the class, it matches the literal "-". As mentioned in the comments by Keoki Zee, you can also escape the -inside the class, but most people simply add it at the end.
通过放置-在类的开头或结尾，它与文字"-". 正如 Keoki Zee 的评论中提到的，你也可以-在 class 内部转义，但大多数人只是在最后添加它。
A demo:
一个演示：
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("8:".matches("[,-:]+")); // true: '8' is in the range ','..':'
System.out.println("8:".matches("[,:-]+")); // false: '8' does not match ',' or ':' or '-'
System.out.println(",,-,:,:".matches("[,:-]+")); // true: all chars match ',' or ':' or '-'
}
}
回答by javapowered
Colon does not have special meaning in a character class and does not need to be escaped. According to the PHP regex docs, the only characters that need to be escaped in a character class are the following:
冒号在字符类中没有特殊意义，不需要转义。根据PHP regex docs，字符类中唯一需要转义的字符如下：
All non-alphanumeric characters other than
\,-,^(at the start) and the terminating]are non-special in character classes, but it does no harm if they are escaped.
除了
\,-,^（在开始处）和终止符之外的所有非字母数字字符]在字符类中都是非特殊的，但如果它们被转义也没有坏处。
For more info about Java regular expressions, see the docs.
有关 Java 正则表达式的更多信息，请参阅文档。
回答by Anantha Sharma
use \\:instead of \:.. the \has special meaning in java strings.
使用\\:而不是\:..\在 java 字符串中具有特殊含义。
回答by SteeveDroz
Be careful, -has a special meaning with regexp. In a [], you can put it without problem if it is placed at the end. In your case, ,-:is taken as from ,to :.
小心，-与正则表达式有特殊含义。在 a 中[]，如果将其放在最后，则可以毫无问题地放置它。在你的情况下，,-:被视为从,到:。
