ios 快速覆盖 UIView 的 init 方法
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Override init method of UIView in swift
提问by tktsubota
class CustomView: UIView {
var subViewColor:UIColor
var subViewMessage:String
override init(frame:CGRect) {
super.init(frame:frame)
}
init(subViewColor:UIColor,subViewMessage:String){
self.subViewColor = subViewColor
self.subViewMessage = subViewMessage
super.init()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}
}
I have a class where I want the user to initialize a custom view either by giving properties like:
我有一个类，我希望用户通过提供以下属性来初始化自定义视图：
let myView = CustomLoadingView(initialize properties here)
If the user does not want to initialize their own properties, I want to initialize CustomLoadingViewusing default properties...
如果用户不想初始化自己的属性，我想CustomLoadingView使用默认属性进行初始化...
let myView = CustomLoadingView() // this should initialize using default value
However, with this, I am getting this error:
但是，有了这个，我收到了这个错误：
Must call a designated intializer of the superclass UIView
必须调用超类 UIView 的指定初始化器
回答by tktsubota
In init(subviewColor: UIColor, subViewMessage: String), you aren't calling the designated initializer (as the compiler points out nicely).
在 中init(subviewColor: UIColor, subViewMessage: String)，您没有调用指定的初始化程序（正如编译器很好地指出的那样）。
If you don't know what designated initializers are, they are initializers that haveto be called by the subclass at some point. From the docs:
如果你不知道什么是指定的初始化程序是，它们是初始化必须通过在某个时刻子类中调用。从文档：
Designated initializers are the primary initializers for a class. A designated initializer fully initializes all properties introduced by that class and calls an appropriate superclass initializer to continue the initialization process up the superclass chain.
指定的初始值设定项是类的主要初始值设定项。指定的初始化器完全初始化该类引入的所有属性，并调用适当的超类初始化器以在超类链上继续初始化过程。
In this case, the designated initializer for UIViewis init(frame: CGRect), meaning at some point, your new initializer init(subviewColor: UIColor, subViewMessage: Stringmust call super.init(frame:).
在这种情况下，指定的初始化程序UIView是init(frame: CGRect)，这意味着在某些时候，您的新初始化程序init(subviewColor: UIColor, subViewMessage: String必须调用super.init(frame:)。
In order to fix this, make the following changes:
为了解决这个问题，请进行以下更改：
init(frame: CGRect, subViewColor: UIColor, subViewMessage: String){
self.subViewColor = subViewColor
self.subViewMessage = subViewMessage
super.init(frame: frame)
}
OR you can call your other initializer in your class which ends up calling the designated initializer.
或者你可以在你的类中调用你的其他初始化器，最终调用指定的初始化器。
override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame) // calls designated initializer
}
convenience init(frame: CGRect, subViewColor: UIColor, subViewMessage: String){
self.subViewColor = subViewColor
self.subViewMessage = subViewMessage
self.init(frame: frame) // calls the initializer above
}
As for the convenience method with simply CustomLoadingView(), you have to add another initializer for that. Add this code to your custom view:
至于使用 simple 的便捷方法CustomLoadingView()，您必须为此添加另一个初始化程序。将此代码添加到您的自定义视图：
convenience init() {
self.init(frame: DEFAULT_FRAME, subViewColor: DEFAULT_COLOR, subViewMessage: DEFAULT_MESSAGE)
}
If you want to learn more about designated and convenience initializers, read about them hereand here.
回答by TechBee
Try this:
尝试这个：
class CustomView: UIView {
var subViewColor:UIColor
var subViewMessage:String
init(subViewColor:UIColor,subViewMessage:String){
self.subViewColor = subViewColor
self.subViewMessage = subViewMessage
let frame = self.frame
//Or you can use custom frame.
super.init(frame: frame)
}
required init(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}
}
回答by sakurasunris3
You must call one of UIView's designated initializers at some point in your custom initializer, for instance: super.init(frame: frameX). Your call of super.init()does not satisfy this requirement.
你必须调用的UIView的指定初始化的一个在您的自定义初始化一些点，例如：super.init(frame: frameX)。您的调用super.init()不满足此要求。
回答by Michal Shatz
Foe me it was calling a xib that doesn't exist from custom view initialiser in
Bundle.main.loadNibNamed("XibNameThatDoesntExist", owner: self, options: nil)`
敌人我这是叫不从自定义视图初始化剂中存在的厦门国际银行
Bundle.main.loadNibNamed("XibNameThatDoesntExist", owner: self, options: nil)`
