如何彻底删除MySQL并安装MariaDB 10
时间：2020-03-05 15:24:44 来源:igfitidea点击:
我们有一些流行的数据库工具，它是独立的和常用的。
通常，如果我们不使用相同的端口，我们可以在同一服务器上使用两个不同的关系数据库管理系统(RDBMS)，但如果要使用服务器的资源的最大值，则不建议它。
通常建议在每台服务器上安装每个RDBMS，或者在必要时保留数据后卸载我们不需要的RDBMS，并安装新的服务器。
最后一点甚至没有与MariaDB和MySQL的两个RDBMS一起使用。
我们需要删除MySQL才能安装MariaDB，但有时我们可以在Linux机器上卸载MySQL卸载问题。
在本教程中，将介绍如何完成和正确卸载MySQL，以便在CentOS 7服务器上安装MariaDB 10.
了解问题
如果我们只需删除MySQL软件包并尝试安装MariaDB，系统将尝试重新安装MySQL。
我们将出现一条错误消息，指示玛丽亚达已被大量化，系统将尝试重新安装MySQL：
# yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.linode.com
* epel: mirrors.kernel.org
* extras: mirrors.linode.com
* rpmforge: mirrors.evowise.com
* updates: mirrors.linode.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.1.26-1.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: MariaDB-common for package: MariaDB-client-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) for package: MariaDB-client-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) for package: MariaDB-client-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64
...............................
...............................
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
MariaDB-client x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos mariadb 39 M
MariaDB-server x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos mariadb 103 M
MariaDB-shared x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos mariadb 1.3 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
Installing for dependencies:
MariaDB-common x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos mariadb 123 k
boost-program-options x86_64 1.53.0-26.el7 base 156 k
galera x86_64 25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos mariadb 8.0 M
jemalloc x86_64 3.6.0-1.el7 epel 105 k
libaio x86_64 0.3.109-13.el7 base 24 k
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k
Transaction Summary
........................
........................
Total 2.7 MB/s | 3.5 MB 00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction check error:
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml conflicts between attempted installs of mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 and MariaDB-common-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml conflicts between attempted installs of mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 and MariaDB-common-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml conflicts between attempted installs of mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 and MariaDB-common-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64
在这种情况下，我们必须首先从系统中完全卸载mysql并删除旧安装的所有设置，然后通过添加自己的repo来安装MariaDB。
1)完全卸载mysql
我们首先需要用其所有依赖性妥善卸载MySQL
# yum list installed | grep mysql mysql-community-client.x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community mysql-community-common.x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community mysql-community-libs.x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community mysql-community-release.noarch el7-5 installed mysql-community-server.x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community
要使用它的依赖项删除包，我们需要安装yum插件调用：remove-with-leave。
要安装它类型：
# yum install yum-plugin-remove-with-leaves
现在要删除包含其依赖项的包：yum remove package_name - remove叶片如下
# yum remove mysql-server --remove-leaves Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, remove-with-leaves Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution removing libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64. It is not required by anything else. removing mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64. It is not required by anything else. removing mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64. It is not required by anything else. removing mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64. It is not required by anything else. --> Running transaction check ---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be erased ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be erased ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be erased ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ====================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ====================================================================================================================================================== Removing: libaio x86_64 0.3.109-13.el7 @base 38 k mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community 89 M mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community 2.1 M mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community 9.2 M mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 @mysql56-community 251 M
我们还需要卸载MySQL-Community-Repory Repo
# yum remove mysql-community-release-el7-5 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, remove-with-leaves Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-release.noarch 0:el7-5 will be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution
2)删除mysql目录
现在我们需要从系统中删除MySQL默认数据目录/var/lib/mysql。
如果我们没有看到默认位置中的目录，则意味着它将其更改为我们可以在具有变量Datadir中的/etc/my.cnf文件中找到的其他地方。
在我们的情况下，我们将从系统中删除"/var/lib/mysql"目录"，但我们可以更愿意重命名它以便保留现有文件的备份。
我们将完全清理我们的安装目录。
# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
3)安装MariaDB 10
要安装MariaDB 10，我们必须在服务器上添加repo。
我们将在"/etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo""下的内容中创建一个MariaDB Repo文件
[mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1
现在我们可以安装我们的软件包
# yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, remove-with-leaves Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirrors.kernel.org * extras: mirrors.linode.com * rpmforge: mirrors.evowise.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.1.26-1.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: MariaDB-common for package: MariaDB-client-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64 ---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.1.26-1.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: galera for package: MariaDB-server-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package MariaDB-common.x86_64 0:10.1.26-1.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package galera.x86_64 0:25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ====================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ====================================================================================================================================================== Installing: MariaDB-client x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos mariadb 39 M MariaDB-server x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos mariadb 103 M Installing for dependencies: MariaDB-common x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos mariadb 123 k galera x86_64 25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos mariadb 8.0 M Transaction Summary ====================================================================================================================================================== Install 2 Packages (+2 Dependent packages) Total size: 150 M Total download size: 150 M Installed size: 647 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/3): MariaDB-10.1.26-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm | 39 MB 00:00:02 (2/3): galera-25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 8.0 MB 00:00:01 (3/3): MariaDB-10.1.26-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm | 103 MB 00:00:12 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 12 MB/s | 150 MB 00:00:12 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : MariaDB-common-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/4 Installing : MariaDB-client-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64 2/4 Installing : galera-25.3.20-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64 3/4 Installing : MariaDB-server-10.1.26-1.el7.centos.x86_64
我们可以查看以下状态
# yum list installed | grep mariadb MariaDB-client.x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos @mariadb MariaDB-common.x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos @mariadb MariaDB-server.x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos @mariadb MariaDB-shared.x86_64 10.1.26-1.el7.centos @mariadb
我们不能在同一台服务器上安装MySQL和MariaDB。
所以你需要完成完整的卸载。
我们必须注意到安装MariaDB时，如果我们需要删除它才能安装MySQL，请不要忘记删除Repo否则无法安装MySQL。
