xml XPath 获取没有父节点的所有子节点（元素、注释和文本）
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XPath to get all child nodes (elements, comments, and text) without parent
提问by kadalamittai
I need an XPath to fetch all ChildNodes ( including Text Element, Comment Element & Child Elements ) without Parent Element. Any help
我需要一个 XPath 来获取所有没有父元素的子节点（包括文本元素、注释元素和子元素）。任何帮助
Sample Example:
示例示例：
<DOC>
<PRESENTEDIN>
<X>
First Text Node #1
<y> Y can Have Child Nodes #
<child> deep to it </child>
</y>
Second Text Node #2 <z/>
</X>
<EVTS>
<evt/>
<evt>
<mtg_descr> SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition </mtg_descr>
<sess_descr> Advanced Hybrid Vehicle Powertrains (Part 1 of 5) </sess_descr>
<loc> Detroit,MI,United States </loc>
<sess_prod_grp_cd> TSESS </sess_prod_grp_cd>
<sess_evt_name> P13 </sess_evt_name>
<sess_gen_num> 138352 </sess_gen_num>
<mtg_start_dt> 04/03/2006 </mtg_start_dt>
<mtg_end_dt> 04/06/2006 </mtg_end_dt>
<desig> CONGRESS-2006 </desig>
</evt>
</EVTS>
<EVTTYPE>PAPER</EVTTYPE>
<SUPERTECH>
<![CDATA[C8585]]>
</SUPERTECH>
</PRESENTEDIN>
XPATH TRIED
XPATH 尝试
1. $doc/PRESENTEDIN/X
2. $doc/PRESENTEDIN/X/descendant::*
2. $doc/PRESENTEDIN/X/self::*
EXPECTED OUTPUT
预期产出
First Text Node #1
<y> Y can Have Child Nodes #
<child> deep to it </child>
</y>
Second Text Node #2 <z/>
I DON'T WANT
我不想
<X>
First Text Node #1
<y> Y can Have Child Nodes #
<child> deep to it </child>
</y>
Second Text Node #2 <z/>
</X>
回答by linepogl
From the documentation of XPath ( http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#location-paths):
从 XPath ( http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#location-paths)的文档中：
child::*selects all element children of the context node
child::text()selects all text node children of the context node
child::node()selects all the children of the context node, whatever their node type
child::*选择上下文节点的所有元素子节点
child::text()选择上下文节点的所有文本节点子节点
child::node()选择上下文节点的所有子节点，无论它们的节点类型如何
So I guess your answer is:
所以我猜你的答案是：
$doc/PRESENTEDIN/X/child::node()
And if you want a flatten array of all nested nodes:
如果你想要一个所有嵌套节点的扁平数组：
$doc/PRESENTEDIN/X/descendant::node()
回答by Dimitre Novatchev
Use this XPath expression:
使用这个 XPath 表达式：
/*/*/X/node()
This selects any node (element, text node, comment or processing instruction) that is a child of any Xelement that is a grand-child of the top element of the XML document.
这将选择作为任何元素的子元素的任何节点（元素、文本节点、注释或处理指令），X该元素是 XML 文档顶部元素的孙子元素。
To verify what is selected, here is this XSLT transformation that outputs exactly the selected nodes:
为了验证选择了什么，这里是这个 XSLT 转换，它准确地输出选定的节点：
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output omit-xml-declaration="yes"/>
<xsl:template match="/">
<xsl:copy-of select="/*/*/X/node()"/>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
and it produces exactly the wanted, correct result:
它产生的正是想要的、正确的结果：
First Text Node #1
<y> Y can Have Child Nodes #
<child> deep to it </child>
</y> Second Text Node #2
<z />
Explanation:
说明：
As defined in the W3 XPath 1.0Spec, "
child::node()selects all the children of the context node, whatever their node type." This means that any element, text-node, comment-node and processing-instruction node children are selected by this node-test.node()is an abbreviation ofchild::node()(becausechild::is the primary axis and is used when no axis is explicitly specified).
正如W3 XPath 1.0规范中定义的那样，“
child::node()选择上下文节点的所有子节点，无论它们的节点类型如何。” 这意味着此节点测试选择任何元素、文本节点、注释节点和处理指令节点子节点。node()是child::node()（因为child::是主轴，在没有明确指定轴时使用）的缩写。
