获取 URL 哈希位置，并在 jQuery 中使用它
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Getting URL hash location, and using it in jQuery
提问by Robbie White
I'd like to get the value after a hash in the URL of the current page and then be able to apply this in a new function... eg.
我想在当前页面的 URL 中的散列之后获取值，然后能够将其应用于新函数中......例如。
The URL could be
网址可能是
www.example.com/index.html#foo
And I would like to use this in conjunction with the following piece of code
我想将它与以下代码结合使用
$('ul#foo:first').show();
I'm kinda assuming/hoping there is some way of grabbing this, and turning it into a variable that I can then use in the second piece of code.
我有点假设/希望有某种方法可以抓住它，并将其变成一个变量，然后我可以在第二段代码中使用它。
回答by CMS
Editor's note:the approach below has serious security implicationsand, depending upon the version of jQuery you are using, may expose your users to XSS attacks. For more detail, see the discussion of the possible attack in the comments on this answer or this explanation on Security Stack Exchange.
编者注：以下方法具有严重的安全隐患，并且根据您使用的 jQuery 版本，可能会使您的用户受到 XSS 攻击。有关更多详细信息，请参阅此答案的评论或Security Stack Exchange 上的此解释中对可能的攻击的讨论。
You can use the location.hashproperty to grab the hash of the current page:
您可以使用该location.hash属性来获取当前页面的哈希值：
var hash = window.location.hash;
$('ul'+hash+':first').show();
Note that this property already contains the #symbol at the beginning.
请注意，此属性已包含#开头的符号。
Actually you don't need the :firstpseudo-selector since you are using the ID selector, is assumed that IDs are uniquewithin the DOM.
实际上您不需要:first伪选择器，因为您使用的是ID 选择器，假设 ID在 DOM 中是唯一的。
In case you want to get the hash from an URL string, you can use the String.substringmethod:
如果您想从 URL 字符串中获取哈希值，可以使用以下String.substring方法：
var url = "http://example.com/file.htm#foo";
var hash = url.substring(url.indexOf('#')); // '#foo'
Advice:Be aware that the user can changethe hash as he wants, injecting anything to your selector, you should check the hash before using it.
建议：请注意，用户可以根据需要更改散列，向您的选择器注入任何内容，您应该在使用前检查散列。
回答by Deepak Patil
location.hash is not safe for IE, in case of IE ( including IE9 ) , if your page contains iframe , then after manual refresh inside iframe content get location.hash value is old( value for first page load ). while manual retrieved value is different than location.hash so always retrieve it through document.URL
location.hash 对于 IE 是不安全的，在 IE（包括 IE9）的情况下，如果您的页面包含 iframe，则在 iframe 内容中手动刷新后获取 location.hash 值是旧的（第一页加载的值）。而手动检索的值与 location.hash 不同，所以总是通过 document.URL 检索它
var hash = document.URL.substr(document.URL.indexOf('#')+1)
回答by Matas Vaitkevicius
For those who are looking for pure javascript solution
对于那些正在寻找纯 javascript 解决方案的人
document.getElementById(location.hash.substring(1)).style.display = 'block'
Hope this saves you some time.
希望这可以为您节省一些时间。
回答by j08691
回答by Chetabahana
I would suggest better cek first if the current page has a hash. Otherwise it will be undefined.
如果当前页面有哈希值，我会建议先使用更好的 cek。否则就会undefined。
$(window).on('load', function(){
if( location.hash && location.hash.length ) {
var hash = decodeURIComponent(location.hash.substr(1));
$('ul'+hash+':first').show();;
}
});
回答by squarecandy
I'm using this to address the security implications noted in @CMS's answer.
我正在使用它来解决@CMS 回答中提到的安全隐患。
// example 1: www.example.com/index.html#foo
// load correct subpage from URL hash if it exists
$(window).on('load', function () {
var hash = window.location.hash;
if (hash) {
hash = hash.replace('#',''); // strip the # at the beginning of the string
hash = hash.replace(/([^a-z0-9]+)/gi, '-'); // strip all non-alphanumeric characters
hash = '#' + hash; // hash now equals #foo with example 1
// do stuff with hash
$( 'ul' + hash + ':first' ).show();
// etc...
}
});
