java 使用相对路径读取 JAR 中的文件
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Reading File In JAR using Relative Path
提问by Jonah
I have some text configuration file that need to be read by my program. My current code is:
我有一些文本配置文件需要我的程序读取。我目前的代码是：
protected File getConfigFile() {
URL url = getClass().getResource("wof.txt");
return new File(url.getFile().replaceAll("%20", " "));
}
This works when I run it locally in eclipse, though I did have to do that hack to deal with the space in the path name. The config file is in the same package as the method above. However, when I export the application as a jar I am having problems with it. The jar exists on a shared, mapped network drive Z:. When I run the application from command line I get this error:
当我在 eclipse 中本地运行它时，这有效，尽管我确实必须进行该 hack 来处理路径名中的空格。配置文件与上述方法在同一个包中。但是，当我将应用程序导出为 jar 时，我遇到了问题。jar 存在于共享的映射网络驱动器 Z: 上。当我从命令行运行应用程序时，出现此错误：
java.io.FileNotFoundException: file:\Z:\apps\jar\apps.jar!\vp\fsm\configs\wof.txt
java.io.FileNotFoundException: 文件:\Z:\apps\jar\apps.jar!\vp\fsm\configs\wof.txt
How can I get this working? I just want to tell java to read a file in the same directory as the current class.
我怎样才能让它工作？我只想告诉java读取与当前类相同目录中的文件。
Thanks, Jonah
谢谢，约拿
回答by Pa?lo Ebermann
When the file is inside a jar, you can't use the Fileclass to represent it, since it is a jar:URI. Instead, the URL class itself already gives you with openStream()the possibility to read the contents.
当文件在 jar 中时，您不能使用File该类来表示它，因为它是一个jar:URI。相反，URL 类本身已经为您提供openStream()了阅读内容的可能性。
Or you can shortcut this by using getResourceAsStream()instead of getResource().
或者您可以使用getResourceAsStream()代替getResource().
To get a BufferedReader (which is easier to use, as it has a readLine()method), use the usual stream-wrapping:
要获得 BufferedReader（它更容易使用，因为它有一个readLine()方法），请使用通常的流包装：
InputStream configStream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("wof.txt");
BufferedReader configReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(configStream, "UTF-8"));
Instead of "UTF-8" use the encoding actually used by the file (i.e. which you used in the editor).
使用文件实际使用的编码（即您在编辑器中使用的编码）代替“UTF-8”。
Another point: Even if you only have file:URIs, you should not do the URL to File-conversion yourself, instead use new File(url.toURI()). This works for other problematic characters as well.
另一点：即使你只有file:URI，你也不应该自己做 URL 到文件转换，而是使用new File(url.toURI()). 这也适用于其他有问题的角色。
