Linux 查找正在运行的进程的 PID 并存储为数组
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Find the PID(s) of running processes and store as an array
提问by user3255401
I'm trying to write a bash script to find the PID of a running process then issue a kill command. I have it partially working, but the issue I face is that there may be more than one process running. I want to issue a kill command to each PID found.
我正在尝试编写一个 bash 脚本来查找正在运行的进程的 PID，然后发出一个 kill 命令。我让它部分工作，但我面临的问题是可能有多个进程在运行。我想向找到的每个 PID 发出一个 kill 命令。
I presume I need to put each PID in to an array but am at a loss as to how to do that.
我想我需要将每个 PID 放入一个数组中，但不知道如何做到这一点。
What I have so far:
到目前为止我所拥有的：
pid=$(ps -fe | grep '[p]rocess' | awk '{print }')
if [[ -n $pid ]]; then
echo $pid
#kill $pid
else
echo "Does not exist"
fi
What this will do is return all PIDs on a single line, but I can't figure out how to split this in to an array.
这将做的是在一行上返回所有 PID，但我无法弄清楚如何将其拆分为一个数组。
采纳答案by SparkyRobinson
Here's a little one liner that might help
这是一个可能有帮助的小衬垫
for pid in `ps -ef | grep your_search_term | awk '{print }'` ; do kill $pid ; done
Just replace your_search_termwith the process name you want to kill.
只需将your_search_term替换为您要终止的进程名称即可。
You could also make it into a script and swap your_search_termfor $1
你也可以将它变成一个脚本，并交换your_search_term为$ 1
EDIT:I suppose I should explain how this works.
编辑：我想我应该解释一下这是如何工作的。
The back ticks `` collects the output from the expression inside it. In this case it will return a list of pids for a process name.
反勾号 `` 从其内部的表达式中收集输出。在这种情况下，它将返回进程名称的 pid 列表。
Using a for loop we can iterate through each pid and kill the process.
使用 for 循环，我们可以遍历每个 pid 并终止进程。
EDIT2:replaced kill -9 with kill
EDIT2：用kill替换kill -9
回答by Ell
Your script seems fine, if you want to have each pid list on a new like then replace:
您的脚本看起来不错，如果您想将每个 pid 列表放在一个新的喜欢然后替换：
echo $pid
#kill $pid
with
和
echo "$pid"
#kill "$pid"
回答by Michael Kropat
You don't need to use an array if you're going to immediately iterate over the results and perform an action:
如果您要立即迭代结果并执行操作，则不需要使用数组：
for pid in $(ps -fe | grep '[p]rocess' | grep -v grep | awk '{print }'); do
kill "$pid"
done
Notice we have to exclude grep's pid from the list of processes to kill. Or we could just use pgrep(1):
请注意，我们必须grep从要杀死的进程列表中排除的 pid。或者我们可以使用pgrep(1)：
for pid in $(pgrep '[p]rocess'); do
kill "$pid"
done
If you actually needed to store the pids in an array, pgrepis how you would do it:
如果您确实需要将 pid 存储在数组中，pgrep那么您将如何做：
pids=( $(pgrep '[p]rocess') )
Back to killing process. We can still do better. If we're just using pgrepto get a list of processes to kill them, why not go straight for pgrep's sister program: pkill(1)?
回到杀死进程。我们仍然可以做得更好。如果我们只是pgrep用来获取一个进程列表来杀死它们，为什么不直接使用它pgrep的姊妹程序：pkill(1)？
pkill '[p]rocess'
As it turns out, no need for bashscripting at all.
事实证明，根本不需要bash编写脚本。
回答by Reinstate Monica Please
Don't know why you would ever grep for a process to kill, unless you didn't know the command name. Most modern versions of pshave the flags
不知道为什么你会用 grep 来杀死一个进程，除非你不知道命令名称。大多数现代版本的ps都有标志
-C cmdlist
Select by command name. This selects the processes whose executable name is given in cmdlist.
and
和
-o format
User-defined format. format is a single argument in the form of
a blank-separated or comma-separated list, which offers a way to
specify individual output columns. The recognized keywords are
described in the STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS section below.
Headers may be renamed (ps -o pid,ruser=RealUser -o
comm=Command) as desired. If all column headers are empty (ps
-o pid= -o comm=) then the header line will not be output.
Column width will increase as needed for wide headers; this may
be used to widen up columns such as WCHAN (ps -o pid,wchan=WIDE-
WCHAN-COLUMN -o comm). Explicit width control (ps opid,
wchan:42,cmd) is offered too. The behavior of ps -o pid=X,
comm=Y varies with personality; output may be one column named
"X,comm=Y" or two columns named "X" and "Y". Use multiple -o
options when in doubt. Use the PS_FORMAT environment variable
to specify a default as desired; DefSysV and DefBSD are macros
that may be used to choose the default UNIX or BSD columns.
So you can just do
所以你可以做
ps -o pid= -C commandName
Will return the pid of all processes named exactly commandName and is cleaner and faster. Or kill a loop
将返回完全命名为 commandName 的所有进程的 pid 并且更清晰、更快。或者杀死一个循环
while read -r pid; do
kill "$pid"
done < <(ps -o pid= -C commandName)
But really, you should always just be able to do
但实际上，你应该总是能够做到
> pkill commandName
