Python脚本在终端中执行命令
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Python Script execute commands in Terminal
提问by Ali
I read this somewhere a while ago but cant seem to find it. I am trying to find a command that will execute commands in the terminal and then output the result.
不久前我在某处读过这个，但似乎找不到它。我试图找到一个将在终端中执行命令然后输出结果的命令。
For example: the script will be:
例如：脚本将是：
command 'ls -l'
It will out the result of running that command in the terminal
它将输出在终端中运行该命令的结果
采纳答案by Uku Loskit
There are several ways to do this:
做这件事有很多种方法：
A simple way is using the os module:
一个简单的方法是使用 os 模块：
import os
os.system("ls -l")
More complex things can be achieved with the subprocess module: for example:
使用 subprocess 模块可以实现更复杂的事情：例如：
import subprocess
test = subprocess.Popen(["ping","-W","2","-c", "1", "192.168.1.70"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output = test.communicate()[0]
回答by pyfunc
In fact any question on subprocess will be a good read
事实上，任何关于子流程的问题都将是一个很好的阅读
回答by minocha
You should also look into commands.getstatusoutput
您还应该查看 commands.getstatusoutput
This returns a tuple of length 2.. The first is the return integer ( 0 - when the commands is successful ) second is the whole output as will be shown in the terminal.
这将返回一个长度为 2 的元组。第一个是返回整数（0 - 当命令成功时），第二个是整个输出，将在终端中显示。
For ls
对于 ls
import commands
s=commands.getstatusoutput('ls')
print s
>> (0, 'file_1\nfile_2\nfile_3')
s[1].split("\n")
>> ['file_1', 'file_2', 'file_3']
回答by Paolo Rovelli
The os.popen()is pretty simply to use, but it has been deprecated since Python 2.6. You should use the subprocessmodule instead.
该os.popen（）是非常简单的使用，但因为Python 2.6已经过时。您应该改用subprocess模块。
Read here: reading a os.popen(command) into a string
回答by Kevin Pandya
I prefer usage of subprocess module:
我更喜欢使用 subprocess 模块：
from subprocess import call
call(["ls", "-l"])
Reason is that if you want to pass some variable in the script this gives very easy way for example take the following part of the code
原因是，如果您想在脚本中传递一些变量，这提供了非常简单的方法，例如采用以下部分代码
abc = a.c
call(["vim", abc])
回答by Mr_pzling_Pie
import os
os.system("echo 'hello world'")
This should work. I do not know how to print the output into the python Shell.
这应该有效。我不知道如何将输出打印到 python Shell 中。
回答by Kobe Keirouz
You could import the 'os' module and use it like this :
您可以导入 'os' 模块并像这样使用它：
import os
os.system('#DesiredAction')
回答by Zephro
Jupyter
木星
In a jupyter notebook you can use the magic function !
在 jupyter notebook 中，您可以使用魔法功能 !
!echo "execute a command"
files = !ls -a /data/dir/ #get the output into a variable
ipython
蟒蛇
To execute this as a .pyscript you would need to use ipython
要将其作为.py脚本执行，您需要使用ipython
files = get_ipython().getoutput('ls -a /data/dir/')
execute script
执行脚本
$ ipython my_script.py
