ios 如何在 Swift 中使用包含多个值的查询参数构建 URL？
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How can I build a URL with query parameters containing multiple values for the same key in Swift?
提问by AbhishekDwivedi
I am using AFNetworking in my iOS app and for all the GET requests it makes, I build the url from a base URL and than add parameters using NSDictionary Key-Value pairs.
我在我的 iOS 应用程序中使用 AFNetworking，对于它发出的所有 GET 请求，我从基本 URL 构建 URL，然后使用 NSDictionary 键值对添加参数。
The problem is that I need same key for different values.
问题是我需要不同值的相同键。
Here is an example of what I need the finally URL to look like -
这是我需要最终 URL 的示例 -
http://example.com/.....&id=21212&id=21212&id=33232
http://example.com/.....&id=21212&id=21212&id=33232
It's not possible in NSDictionary to have different values in same keys. So I tried NSSet but did not work.
在 NSDictionary 中不可能在相同的键中具有不同的值。所以我尝试了 NSSet 但没有奏效。
let productIDSet: Set = [prodIDArray]
let paramDict = NSMutableDictionary()
paramDict.setObject(productIDSet, forKey: "id")
回答by Daniel Galasko
All you need is URLComponents(or NSURLComponents in Obj-C). The basic idea is to create a bunch of query items for your id's. Here's code you can paste into a playground:
您只需要URLComponents（或 Obj-C 中的 NSURLComponents）。基本思想是为您的 id 创建一堆查询项。以下是您可以粘贴到 Playground 中的代码：
import Foundation
import XCPlayground
let queryItems = [URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "1"), URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "2")]
var urlComps = URLComponents(string: "www.apple.com/help")!
urlComps.queryItems = queryItems
let result = urlComps.url!
print(result)
You should see an output of
你应该看到输出
www.apple.com/help?id=1&id=2
www.apple.com/help?id=1&id=2
回答by Bhuvan Bhatt
Method 1
方法一
It can add the QueryItemto your existing URL.
它可以将QueryItem添加到您现有的 URL。
extension URL {
func appending(_ queryItem: String, value: String?) -> URL {
guard var urlComponents = URLComponents(string: absoluteString) else { return absoluteURL }
// Create array of existing query items
var queryItems: [URLQueryItem] = urlComponents.queryItems ?? []
// Create query item
let queryItem = URLQueryItem(name: queryItem, value: value)
// Append the new query item in the existing query items array
queryItems.append(queryItem)
// Append updated query items array in the url component object
urlComponents.queryItems = queryItems
// Returns the url from new url components
return urlComponents.url!
}
}
How to use
如何使用
var url = URL(string: "https://www.example.com")!
let finalURL = url.appending("test", value: "123")
.appending("test2", value: nil)
Method 2
方法二
In this method, the URL will be updated automatically.
在此方法中，URL 将自动更新。
extension URL {
mutating func appendQueryItem(name: String, value: String?) {
guard var urlComponents = URLComponents(string: absoluteString) else { return }
// Create array of existing query items
var queryItems: [URLQueryItem] = urlComponents.queryItems ?? []
// Create query item
let queryItem = URLQueryItem(name: name, value: value)
// Append the new query item in the existing query items array
queryItems.append(queryItem)
// Append updated query items array in the url component object
urlComponents.queryItems = queryItems
// Returns the url from new url components
self = urlComponents.url!
}
}
// How to use
var url = URL(string: "https://www.example.com")!
url.appendQueryItem(name: "name", value: "bhuvan")
回答by Kirit Vaghela
func queryString(_ value: String, params: [String: String]) -> String? {
var components = URLComponents(string: value)
components?.queryItems = params.map { element in URLQueryItem(name: element.key, value: element.value) }
return components?.url?.absoluteString
}
回答by C?ur
An URL extension to append query items, similar to Bhuvan Bhatt idea, but with a different signature:
附加查询项的 URL 扩展，类似于 Bhuvan Bhatt 的想法，但具有不同的签名：
- it can detect failures (by returning
nilinstead ofself), thus allowing custom handling of cases where the URL is not RFC 3986 compliant for instance. - it allows nil values, by actually passing any query items as parameters.
- for performance, it allows passing multiple query items at a time.
- 它可以检测失败（通过返回
nil而不是self），从而允许自定义处理 URL 不符合 RFC 3986 的情况，例如。 - 它允许 nil 值，通过实际将任何查询项作为参数传递。
- 为了性能，它允许一次传递多个查询项。
extension URL {
/// Returns a new URL by adding the query items, or nil if the URL doesn't support it.
/// URL must conform to RFC 3986.
func appending(_ queryItems: [URLQueryItem]) -> URL? {
guard var urlComponents = URLComponents(url: self, resolvingAgainstBaseURL: true) else {
// URL is not conforming to RFC 3986 (maybe it is only conforming to RFC 1808, RFC 1738, and RFC 2732)
return nil
}
// append the query items to the existing ones
urlComponents.queryItems = (urlComponents.queryItems ?? []) + queryItems
// return the url from new url components
return urlComponents.url
}
}
Usage
用法
let url = URL(string: "https://example.com/...")!
let queryItems = [URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: nil),
URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "22"),
URLQueryItem(name: "id", value: "33")]
let newUrl = url.appending(queryItems)!
print(newUrl)
Output:
输出：
回答by Wasim
In Swift Forming URL with multiple params
在具有多个参数的 Swift Forming URL 中
func rateConversionURL(with array: [String]) -> URL? {
var components = URLComponents()
components.scheme = "https"
components.host = "example.com"
components.path = "/hello/"
components.queryItems = array.map { URLQueryItem(name: "value", value: private func tellServerSomething(_ d: String, _ s: String) {
var c = URLComponents(string: "https://you.com/info")
c?.queryItems = [
URLQueryItem(name: "description", value: d),
URLQueryItem(name: "summary", value: s)
]
guard let u = c?.url else { return print("url fail") }
do {
let r = try String(contentsOf: u)
print("Server response \(r)")
}
catch { return print("comms fail") }
}
)}
return components.url
}
回答by Fattie
2019
2019年
let params = ["id" : [1, 2, 3, 4], ...];
Percent-encoding and everything else is handled.
处理百分比编码和其他所有内容。
回答by Serg Dort
I guess u just have to do something like this:
我想你只需要做这样的事情：
##代码##which will be encoded into: ....id%5B%5D=1&id%5B%5D=2&id%5B%5D=3&id%5B%5D=4....
它将被编码为：....id%5B%5D=1&id%5B%5D=2&id%5B%5D=3&id%5B%5D=4....
