验证 JavaScript 函数名称

Validate a JavaScript function name

提问by Zoom Pat

What would be a regular expression which I can use to match a valid JavaScript function name...

我可以用来匹配有效的 JavaScript 函数名称的正则表达式是什么...

E.g. myfunctionwould be valid but my<\fun\>ctionwould be invalid.

例如，myfunction将是有效的，但my<\fun\>ction将是无效的。

[a-zA-Z0-9_])?

采纳答案by maerics

[EDIT]See @bobince's post belowfor a more correct and thorough answer. This answer has been retained for reference and edited to be less wrong.

[编辑]请参阅下面@bobince 的帖子以获得更正确和彻底的答案。此答案已保留以供参考并进行编辑以减少错误。

A valid name in JavaScript must start with a Unicode letter (\p{L}), dollar sign, or underscore then can contain any of those characters as well as numbers, combining diacritical (accent) characters, and various joiner punctuation and zero-width spaces. Additionally, it cannot be a word reserved by the JavaScript language (e.g. abstract, as, boolean, break, byte, case, etc).

JavaScript 中的有效名称必须以 Unicode 字母 ( \p{L})、美元符号或下划线开头，然后可以包含任何这些字符以及数字、组合变音（重音）字符以及各种连接标点和零宽度空格。另外，它不能是由JavaScript语言（例如保留一个字abstract，as，boolean，break，byte，case，等）。

A full regular expression solution would be quite complicated in plain JavaScript but the XRegExp Unicode plugincould greatly simplify the task. This online function name testermight also be useful.

一个完整的正则表达式解决方案在纯 JavaScript 中会相当复杂，但XRegExp Unicode 插件可以大大简化任务。 这个在线函数名称测试器也可能有用。

[ORIGINAL]Here is an incompleteregular expression, using only the US ASCII letters:

[ORIGINAL]这是一个不完整的正则表达式，仅使用美国 ASCII 字母：

var fnNameRegex = /^[$A-Z_][0-9A-Z_$]*$/i;

You also must check that it doesn't match any reserved words (e.g. abstract, boolean, break, byte, ..., while, with, etc). Here's a start for that list, and an example function:

您还必须检查它是否与任何保留字不匹配（例如抽象、布尔、中断、字节、...、while、with 等）。这是该 list 的开始，以及一个示例函数：

var isValidFunctionName = function() {
  var validName = /^[$A-Z_][0-9A-Z_$]*$/i;
  var reserved = {
    'abstract':true,
    'boolean':true,
    // ...
    'with':true
  };
  return function(s) {
    // Ensure a valid name and not reserved.
    return validName.test(s) && !reserved[s];
  };
}();

回答by bobince

This is more complicated than you might think. According to the ECMAScriptstandard, an identifier is:

这比您想象的要复杂。根据ECMAScript标准，标识符是：

an IdentifierName that is not a ReservedWord

so first you would have to check that the identifier is not one of:

所以首先你必须检查标识符不是以下之一：

instanceof typeof break do new var case else return void catch finally
continue for switch while this with debugger function throw default if
try delete in

and potentially some others in the future.

以及未来可能的其他一些。

An IdentifierName starts with:

IdentifierName 以：

a letter
the $ sign
the _ underscore

and can further comprise any of those characters plus:

并且可以进一步包含任何这些字符加上：

a number
a combining diacritical (accent) character
various joiner punctuation and zero-width spaces

These characters are defined in terms of Unicode character classes, so [A-Z]is incomplete. ?is a letter; ξis a letter; 京is a letter. You can use all of those in identifiers including those used for function names.

这些字符是根据 Unicode 字符类定义的，因此[A-Z]是不完整的。?是一封信；ξ是一封信；京是一封信。您可以在标识符中使用所有这些，包括用于函数名称的那些。

Unfortunately, JavaScript RegExp is not Unicode-aware. If you say \wyou only get the ASCII alphanumerics. There is no feasible way to check the validity of non-ASCII identifier characters short of carrying around the relevant parts of the Unicode Character Database with your script, which would be very large and clumsy.

不幸的是，JavaScript RegExp 不支持 Unicode。如果你说\w你只得到 ASCII 字母数字。没有可行的方法来检查非 ASCII 标识符字符的有效性，除非用您的脚本携带 Unicode 字符数据库的相关部分，这将非常庞大和笨拙。

You could try simply allowing all non-ASCII characters, for example:

您可以尝试简单地允许所有非 ASCII 字符，例如：

^[_$a-zA-Z\xA0-\uFFFF][_$a-zA-Z0-9\xA0-\uFFFF]*$

回答by Mathias Bynens

The currently accepted answeris incorrect. bobince's answeris more like it.

在目前接受的答案是不正确。bobince的回答更像。

To quote Valid JavaScript variable names, my write-up summarizing the relevant spec sections:

引用Valid JavaScript variable names，我的文章总结了相关的规范部分：

An identifier must start with $, _, or any character in the Unicode categories “Uppercase letter (Lu)”, “Lowercase letter (Ll)”, “Titlecase letter (Lt)”, “Modifier letter (Lm)”, “Other letter (Lo)”, or “Letter number (Nl)”.

The rest of the string can contain the same characters, plus any U+200C zero width non-joinercharacters, U+200D zero width joinercharacters, and characters in the Unicode categories “Non-spacing mark (Mn)”, “Spacing combining mark (Mc)”, “Decimal digit number (Nd)”, or “Connector punctuation (Pc)”.

标识符必须以$、_或 Unicode 类别“大写字母 (Lu)”、“小写字母 (Ll)”、“大写字母 (Lt)”、“修饰符字母 (Lm)”、“其他字母 ( Lo)”或“字母编号 (Nl)”。

字符串的其余部分可以包含相同的字符，加上任何U+200C 零宽度非连接字符、U+200D 零宽度连接字符以及 Unicode 类别“非间距标记 (Mn)”、“间距组合”中的字符标记 (Mc)”、“十进制数字 (Nd)”或“连接器标点符号 (Pc)”。

The linked article covers some more gotchas, but that's the gist of it.

链接的文章涵盖了更多的问题，但这就是它的要点。

I've also created a toolthat will tell you if any string that you enter is a valid JavaScript variable name according to ECMAScript 5.1 and Unicode 6.1:

我还创建了一个工具，根据 ECMAScript 5.1 和 Unicode 6.1，它会告诉您输入的任何字符串是否是有效的 JavaScript 变量名：

---

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P.S. To give you an idea of how wrong the currently accepted answer is: if you were to summarize all these rules in a single ASCII-only regular expression for JavaScript, it would be 11,236 characters long(for ECMAScript 5.1 / Unicode 6.1.0). Here it is:

PS 为了让您了解当前接受的答案是多么错误：如果您要将所有这些规则总结为 JavaScript 的单个 ASCII 正则表达式，它将是 11,236 个字符长（对于 ECMAScript 5.1 / Unicode 6.1.0） . 这里是：

// ES5.1 / Unicode 6.1
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回答by Kaleb Pederson

What you wan't is close to, or perhaps, impossible -- I haven't analyzed the grammar to know for sure which.

你想要的接近于，或者可能是不可能的——我还没有分析过语法来确定哪个。

First, take a look at the ECMAScript grammar for identifiers. You can see one on the ANTLR site. Scroll down to where it defines identifiers:

首先，看看标识符的 ECMAScript 语法。您可以在ANTLR 站点上看到一个。向下滚动到定义标识符的位置：

identifierName:
    // snip full comment
    identifierStart (identifierPart)*
    ;

identifierStart:
    unicodeLetter
    | DOLLAR
    | UNDERSCORE
    | unicodeEscapeSequence
    ;

The grammar uses an EBNF, so you'll need follow those two non-terminals: identifierStartand identifierPart. The main problem you'll run into is that you need to take into account much of unicode, and its escape characters.

该语法使用 EBNF，因此您需要遵循这两个非终结符：identifierStart和identifierPart。您将遇到的主要问题是您需要考虑大部分 unicode 及其转义字符。

For example, with identifierStart, we see that the regular expression will need to allow a letter, a dollar sign, an underscore, or a Unicode escape sequence as the first 'character'.

例如，使用identifierStart，我们看到正则表达式需要允许字母、美元符号、下划线或 Unicode 转义序列作为第一个“字符”。

Thus, you could start your regular expression:

因此，您可以开始您的正则表达式：

"[$_a-zA-Z]..."

Of course, you'll need to change a-zA-Zto support all of Unicode and then augment the expression to support the Unicode Escape Sequence, but hopefully that gives you a start on the process.

当然，您需要更改a-zA-Z以支持所有 Unicode，然后扩充表达式以支持 Unicode 转义序列，但希望这能让您开始这个过程。

Of course, if you only need a rough approximation, many of the other responses provide a rough regular expression that handles a small subset of what's actually allowed.

当然，如果您只需要一个粗略的近似值，许多其他响应提供了一个粗略的正则表达式来处理实际允许的一小部分。

回答by Anas Nakawa

in case Regular Expression is not a must..

如果正则表达式不是必须的.​​.

function isValidFnName( name ) {
    try {
        eval('(function() { function ' + name + '() {} })()');
    } catch( e ) {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

isValidFnName('myfunction');     // true
isValidFnName('my<\fun\>ction'); // false

回答by ennuikiller

This should be very easy. Valid function names can only consist of alphanumerics, parenthesis, and possibly parameter values within the parens (i don't know enough javascript to know whether parameters are defined in the function call) and must start with a letter, correct? Therefore to validate that a string is a valid function name. Therefore this should work:

这应该很容易。有效的函数名称只能由字母数字、括号和括号内的可能参数值组成（我不知道足够的 javascript 来知道函数调用中是否定义了参数）并且必须以字母开头，对吗？因此验证一个字符串是一个有效的函数名。因此，这应该有效：

[a-zA-z]+[a-zA-z0-9_]\*(\(.*?\))\*