获取linux中每个设备的内存映射

Getting memory map of every device in linux

提问by manugupt1

How do I get memory map of all the physical devices that are recognized by Linux. I have already looked up at /proc/iomem and /proc/ioports. However, I was not able to find a per device memory maps. Any idea on how to achieve this?

如何获取 Linux 识别的所有物理设备的内存映射。我已经查过 /proc/iomem 和 /proc/ioports。但是，我无法找到每个设备的内存映射。关于如何实现这一目标的任何想法？

回答by flolo

When I remember my kernel coding times right, the output of iomem/ports just lists what a driver registers there. So it is more a per-driver instead a per-device output.

当我记得我的内核编码时间时，iomem/ports 的输出只是列出了驱动程序在那里注册的内容。所以它更像是每个驱动程序而不是每个设备的输出。

As most devices are today pci devices a lspci -vis maybe the best you can get, which shows used memory and io ports.

由于当今大多数设备都是 pci 设备，alspci -v可能是您能得到的最好的设备，它显示了已使用的内存和 io 端口。

回答by mpe

As far as I know the only generic way is /proc/iomem. That shows you the kernels of view of what memory ranges are assigned to who.

据我所知，唯一的通用方法是/proc/iomem. 这向您展示了内存范围分配给谁的内核。

If you want more detail you'll need to look at each individual driver.

如果您想了解更多细节，则需要查看每个单独的驱动程序。

You might get some more information from /proc/vmallocinfobecause ioremap()uses vmalloc(though possibly not on all architectures).

您可能会从中获得更多信息，/proc/vmallocinfo因为ioremap()用途vmalloc（尽管可能不是在所有架构上）。

回答by m-ric

Where your machine's peripherals registers are located? Previous answers already gave you valuable inputs I believe. Combination of /proc/iomemand /proc/vmallocinfoprovide you a lot of information. Please note that with vmalloc, you'll need to dig into the kernel source code to associate the function name with the device's driver.

您机器的外围设备寄存器位于何处？我相信以前的答案已经为您提供了宝贵的意见。结合/proc/iomem并/proc/vmallocinfo为您提供大量信息。请注意，使用vmalloc，您需要深入研究内核源代码以将函数名称与设备驱动程序相关联。

But true question is what you want to know exactly? For what purpose do you want this information?

但真正的问题是你到底想知道什么？您想要这些信息的目的是什么？

It seems to me that you are trying to directly access a device's physical memory, where you should rely on ioctl, sysfs, or existing services provided by the driver to "talk" with the device.

在我看来，您正在尝试直接访问设备的物理内存，您应该依赖 ioctl、sysfs 或驱动程序提供的现有服务与设备“对话”。

Don't forget this : if Linux does not show you the information you want, it is probably because you are notlooking for the right information, or you are trying to bypass existing services. From user-space point of view, ie apps, you should never care of physical memory location.

不要忘记这一点：如果 Linux 没有向您显示您想要的信息，这可能是因为您没有在寻找正确的信息，或者您正试图绕过现有服务。从用户空间的角度来看，即应用程序，你永远不应该关心物理内存位置。

回答by kibichii

This question is way old, but I've struggled with this issue for a few days while trying to install Linux (still a newbie).

这个问题已经很老了，但是我在尝试安装 Linux 时已经为这个问题苦苦挣扎了几天（仍然是新手）。

From what I've gathered, each device is uniquely identified by whether it's a block or a character device, and also by a major:minor number.

从我收集到的信息来看，每个设备都通过它是块设备还是字符设备以及主要：次要编号来唯一标识。

In the /sys/dev, folder, there are symbolic links for each block/character device located in their respective folders. These are links to physical device info within the /sys folder.

在 /sys/dev, 文件夹中，每个块/字符设备都位于其各自文件夹中的符号链接。这些是指向 /sys 文件夹中物理设备信息的链接。

There are parallel block/char folders within the /dev folder, each of which has corresponding symbolic links. These symbolic links are to the actual device files in the /dev folder.

/dev 文件夹中有并行的 block/char 文件夹，每个文件夹都有对应的符号链接。这些符号链接指向 /dev 文件夹中的实际设备文件。

So if you can get the major:minor of a device, you can map devices in /dev to devices in /sys. For drives, you can get the major:minor with lsblk.

因此，如果您可以获得设备的主要：次要，则可以将 /dev 中的设备映射到 /sys 中的设备。对于驱动器，您可以使用 lsblk 获取主要：次要。