使用 Python 在文本文件中查找和替换
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Find and replace within a text file using Python
提问by Alice Duff
I have a text file which is about 400,000 lines long. I need to import this text file into a program which only accepts text files which are delimited with spaces or tabs, but this text file is delimited with semi-colons. There is no option in the program I am exporting the text file from (Arcmap) to change the delimination and doing find and replace in the text file itself will literally take 2 days.
我有一个大约 400,000 行长的文本文件。我需要将此文本文件导入一个程序，该程序只接受以空格或制表符分隔的文本文件，但此文本文件以分号分隔。我从 (Arcmap) 导出文本文件以更改分隔的程序中没有选项，并且在文本文件本身中进行查找和替换实际上需要 2 天。
I have searched for a script to do this but they all seem to replace the whole LINE of the word file with a space, instead of individually replacing each semi-colon, Leaving me with an empty text file.
我已经搜索了一个脚本来执行此操作，但它们似乎都用空格替换了单词文件的整个 LINE，而不是单独替换每个分号，给我留下了一个空文本文件。
Here is a sample of my text file:
这是我的文本文件的示例：
"OID_";"POINTID";"GRID_CODE";"POINT_X";"POINT_Y"
;1;-56.000000;200900.250122;514999.750122
;2;-56.000000;200900.750122;514999.750122
;3;-56.000000;200901.250122;514999.750122
;4;-57.000000;200901.750122;514999.750122
;5;-57.000000;200902.250122;514999.750122
;6;-57.000000;200902.750122;514999.750122
;7;-57.000000;200903.250122;514999.750122
;8;-57.000000;200903.750122;514999.750122
;9;-57.000000;200904.250122;514999.750122
;10;-57.000000;200904.750122;514999.750122
I need it to look something like this:
我需要它看起来像这样：
1 -56.000000 200900.250122 514999.750122
2 -56.000000 200900.750122 514999.750122
采纳答案by eumiro
How about this:
这个怎么样：
sed -i 's/;/ /g' yourBigFile.txt
This is not a Python solution. You have to start this in a shell. But if you use Notepad, I guess you are on Windows. So here a Python solution:
这不是 Python 解决方案。您必须在 shell 中启动它。但是，如果您使用记事本，我猜您使用的是 Windows。所以这里有一个 Python 解决方案：
f1 = open('yourBigFile.txt', 'r')
f2 = open('yourBigFile.txt.tmp', 'w')
for line in f1:
f2.write(line.replace(';', ' '))
f1.close()
f2.close()
回答by ghostdog74
回答by tshepang
Python 3.2 has added ability to use this as context manager, so that the files that fail during processing for some reason will always get closed:
Python 3.2 添加了将其用作上下文管理器的功能，以便在处理过程中由于某种原因失败的文件将始终关闭：
import fileinput
def main():
with fileinput.input(inplace=True) as f:
for line in f:
line = line.replace(";", " ")
print(line, end='')
（灵感）
Use it by supplying it with the text file you want to process.
通过向它提供要处理的文本文件来使用它。
