如何配置库以使其在 Xcode iOS 模拟器中运行？

How to configure a library so it runs in the Xcode iOS Simulator?

提问by egrunin

I've got an iPhone app that runs on the device. Now I need to run it in the Simulator.

我有一个在设备上运行的 iPhone 应用程序。现在我需要在模拟器中运行它。

It uses an open source project (http://site.icu-project.org/), which I build from the command line to create arm-compatible .afiles. I can link these with my iPhone project, and it runs on the device.

它使用一个开源项目 ( http://site.icu-project.org/)，我从命令行构建它来创建与 arm 兼容的.a文件。我可以将这些链接到我的 iPhone 项目，并在设备上运行。

If I switch the target to Simulator, the build fails, as I expected:

如果我将目标切换到模拟器，构建将失败，正如我所料：

ld: warning: in libicudata.a, file was built for unsupported file format which is not the architecture being linked (i386)

ld：警告：在 libicudata.a 中，文件是为不受支持的文件格式构建的，这不是所链接的体系结构 (i386)

But if I use libs compiled for local use (x86_64), I get the same error, which has got be baffled. Do I have to specify a third architecture for the Simulator? Which one? How do I set the configuration?

但是，如果我使用为本地使用而编译的库 (x86_64)，则会出现相同的错误，这让我感到困惑。我是否必须为模拟器指定第三种架构？哪一个？如何设置配置？

For reference, this is how I configured the icu project for the two different targets: How to build ICU so I can use it in an iPhone app?

作为参考，这是我为两个不同目标配置 icu 项目的方式：如何构建 ICU 以便我可以在 iPhone 应用程序中使用它？

Edited to add:

编辑添加：

As Guillaume suggested (and Connect iPhone App to PostgreSQL Using Libpqconfirmed), I now see that the emulator needs a 32-bit build. So that's the last part: how do I set the configuration?

正如 Guillaume 建议的（并确认使用 Libpq 将 iPhone 应用程序连接到 PostgreSQL），我现在看到模拟器需要 32 位构建。所以这是最后一部分：如何设置配置？

The library has a standard configurescript, as far as I know, but I'm still pretty new at this.

configure据我所知，该库有一个标准脚本，但我对此还是很陌生。

Edited to add:

编辑添加：

I've gotten this far, but the references to i686 are obviously wrong.

我已经走了这么远，但对 i686 的引用显然是错误的。

I don't know if i386 is considered a cross-compile, if it is I need "host" and "target" options, too.

我不知道 i386 是否被认为是交叉编译，如果是，我也需要“主机”和“目标”选项。

ICU_PATH=/Users/eric.grunin/Documents/dev/icu2

DEVROOT=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer
SDKROOT=$DEVROOT/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator4.3.sdk
SYSROOT=$SDKROOT

ICU_FLAGS="-I$ICU_PATH/source/common/ -I$ICU_PATH/source/tools/tzcode/ "

export CXXPP=
export CXXPPFLAGS=
export CPPFLAGS="-I$SDKROOT/usr/lib/gcc/i686-apple-darwin10/4.2.1/include/ -I$SDKROOT/usr/llvm-gcc-4.2/lib/gcc/i686-apple-darwin10/4.2.1/include/ -I$SDKROOT/usr/include/ -I$SDKROOT/usr/include/c++/4.2.1/armv7-apple-darwin10/ -I./include/ -miphoneos-version-min=2.2 $ICU_FLAGS"

export CFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -isysroot $SDKROOT"
export CPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp $CPPFLAGS"
export CXXFLAGS="$CFLAGS" 

export CC="$DEVROOT/usr/llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/i686-apple-darwin10-llvm-gcc-4.2"
export CXX="$DEVROOT/usr/llvm-gcc-4.2/bin/i686-apple-darwin10-llvm-g++-4.2"
export LDFLAGS="-L$SDKROOT/usr/lib/ -isysroot $SDKROOT -Wl,-dead_strip -miphoneos-version-min=2.0"

cd $ICU_PATH
mkdir simbuild
cd simbuild

$ICU_PATH/source/configure --enable-static --disable-shared 
gnumake

回答by Guillaume

You need to build a fat library: a fat library is a library that embed the code of many architectures in one file.
For the devices, you need to add the architectures armv6and armv7. For the simulator, i386.

您需要构建一个胖库：胖库是将许多架构的代码嵌入到一个文件中的库。
对于设备，您需要添加架构armv6和armv7. 对于模拟器，i386.

Look into this answer for details and a script on how to do this from Xcode: https://stackoverflow.com/a/3647187/272342

查看此答案以获取有关如何从 Xcode 执行此操作的详细信息和脚本：https: //stackoverflow.com/a/3647187/272342

回答by egrunin

This is how I got it to work. I'm putting it here so I can look it up later.

这就是我让它工作的方式。我把它放在这里，以便稍后查看。

It's likely this is imperfect, feel free to correct it. Comments try to separate what's generic from what's specific to the ICU library I was building.

这可能是不完美的，请随时纠正它。评论试图将通用的内容与我正在构建的 ICU 库的特定内容分开。

// This is is required by the ICU configure step

# must be ABSOLUTE PATH
ICU_PATH=/Users/eric.grunin/Documents/dev/icu2

// First crucial bit: specify the Simulator

DEVROOT=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer
SDKROOT=$DEVROOT/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator4.3.sdk
SYSROOT=$SDKROOT

// for convenience

ICU_FLAGS="-I$ICU_PATH/source/common/ -I$ICU_PATH/source/tools/tzcode/ "

export CXXPP=
export CXXPPFLAGS=

// current version of gcc is missing some #include files, we have to get them elsewhere

export CPPFLAGS="-I$SDKROOT/usr/include/c++/4.2.1/i686-apple-darwin10/ -I$SDKROOT/usr/lib/gcc/i686-apple-darwin10/4.2.1/include/ -I$SDKROOT/usr/llvm-gcc-4.2/lib/gcc/i686-apple-darwin10/4.2.1/include/ -I$SDKROOT/usr/include/ -I$SDKROOT/usr/include/c++/4.2.1/armv7-apple-darwin10/ -I./include/ -miphoneos-version-min=2.2 $ICU_FLAGS"

// MUST specify -arch i386

export CFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS -pipe -arch i386 -no-cpp-precomp -isysroot $SDKROOT"
export CPP="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/cpp $CPPFLAGS"
export CXXFLAGS="$CFLAGS" 

export CC="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/gcc"
export CXX="$DEVROOT/usr/bin/g++"

// MUST add -arch i386 here.
// Also: to avoid "undefined symbol: _Unwind_Resume", add -lgcc_eh

export LDFLAGS="-arch i386 -L$SDKROOT/usr/lib/ -lgcc_eh -isysroot $SDKROOT -Wl,-dead_strip -miphoneos-version-min=2.0"

cd $ICU_PATH
mkdir simbuild
cd simbuild

// Not sure if --host is really needed

$ICU_PATH/source/configure --enable-static --disable-shared --host=i686-apple-darwin10
gnumake

I'm probably not going to make a fat binary, because the ICU library is already very large and I need to keep the final app as small as possible.

我可能不会制作胖二进制文件，因为 ICU 库已经非常大，我需要使最终的应用程序尽可能小。

Edited to add

编辑添加

I tried the fat library approach: it tripledthe size of my app, alas.

我尝试了胖库方法：它使我的应用程序的大小增加了两倍，唉。

回答by Steven R. Loomis

That's just the data library. You don't need to build it several times. Use --with-data-packaging=archivewhen you build ICU, and then it will generate a file icudt*.dat.. when your app starts up, call u_setDataDirectory()to tell it which directory contains that .dat file. u_setDataDirectory()

那只是数据库。您不需要多次构建它。--with-data-packaging=archive在构建ICU时使用，然后它会生成一个文件icudt*.dat..当你的应用程序启动时，调用u_setDataDirectory()告诉它哪个目录包含那个.dat文件。u_setDataDirectory()