众所周知，Apache是一个免费和开源的跨平台Web服务器，用于提供静态和动态网页。
在网上。
在本教程中，我们将专注于如何使用Apache2命令在Linux系统上启动和重新启动Apache Web服务器。

在Ubuntu/Debian Linux上

让我们看看我们如何在Ubuntu和Debian版本中启动，停止和重新启动Apache2 Web服务器

Apache2重启/开始/停止/

对于Ubuntu和Debian Systemd用户Ubuntu 18.04,16.04和Debian 9.xlater使用以下命令。

通过运行启动apache2

# systemctl start apache2

通过运行停止apache2

# systemctl stop apache2

通过运行重新启动Apache2

# systemctl restart apache2

检查终端运行的Apache2状态

# systemctl status apache2

示例输出

● apache2.service - LSB: Apache2 web server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/apache2; bad; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/apache2.service.d
           └─apache2-systemd.conf
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-09-11 12:49:03 UTC; 26s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
   CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
           ├─28788 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           ├─28791 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           └─28792 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

要验证Web服务器是否确实运行，请打开浏览器并输入服务器的IP地址

http://server-ip-address/

我们应该能够查看Apache的默认页面，如下所示

对于Ubuntu-14.10及更高版本和Debian更高版本

通过运行启动Apache2服务

# sudo service apache2 start
or
# /etc/init.d/apache2 start
or
# sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start

通过运行停止Apache2服务

# sudo service apache2 stop
or
# /etc/init.d/ apache2 stop

通过运行重新启动Apache2服务

# sudo service apache2 restart
or
# /etc/init.d/ apache2 restart
or
# sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

示例输出

[ ok ] Restarting apache2 (via systemctl): apache2.service.

检查Apache2状态运行

# sudo service apache2 status
or
# /etc/init.d/ apache2 status
or
# sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 status

示例输出

● apache2.service - LSB: Apache2 web server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/apache2; bad; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/apache2.service.d
           └─apache2-systemd.conf
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-09-11 12:49:03 UTC; 26s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
   CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
           ├─28788 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           ├─28791 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           └─28792 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

rhel/centos

Apache2重启/开始/停止

对于Rhel/CentOS的较新版本(版本7.x及更高版本)

通过运行启动apache2

# systemctl start httpd
or
# systemctl start httpd.service

通过运行停止apache2

# systemctl stop httpd
or
# systemctl stop httpd.service

通过运行重新启动Apache2

# systemctl restart httpd
or
# systemctl restart httpd.service

验证/检查apache2的状态

# systemctl status httpd

示例输出

● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor prese                     t: disabled)
   Active:  active (running) since Tue 2016-09-11 17:33:28 UTC; 6min ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
 Main PID: 1450 (httpd)
   Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/s                     ec"
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─1450 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1451 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1452 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1453 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─1454 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─1455 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
Sep 11 17:33:28 ip-172-31-16-67.us-east-2.compute.internal systemd[1]: Starti...
Sep 11 17:33:28 ip-172-31-16-67.us-east-2.compute.internal systemd[1]: Starte...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

对于旧版本(CentOS/Rhel(Red Hat)Linux版本4.x/5.x/6.x)

通过运行启动apache2

# service httpd start

通过运行停止apache2

# service httpd stop

通过运行重新启动Apache2

# service httpd restart

检查Apache Web服务器的状态

# service  httpd status

示例输出

● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active:  active (running) since Tue 2016-09-11 19:46:30 UTC; 1 weeks 1 days ago
Docs: man:httpd(8)
man:apachectl(8)
Process: 9118 ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 22055 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k graceful (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 9122 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic: 0 B/sec"
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─ 9122 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─22058 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─22059 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─22060 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─22061 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─22062 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─22149 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
└─27556 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

就像在Debian系统中一样，我们可以通过打开浏览器并键入服务器的IP地址来验证Web服务器是否正在运行

http://server-ip-address/

在Fedora

Apache2重启/开始/停止

对于Fedora Systems(22及以后)

通过运行启动apache2

# systemctl start httpd
or
# apachectl start

通过运行停止apache2

# systemctl stop httpd
or
# apachectl -k stop

重新启动Apache2运行

apachectl -k restart

检查Apache2状态

systemctl status httpd

要确认服务器已启动并在Web浏览器上运行，请键入服务器的IP

http://server-ip-address/