Ruby-on-rails 无法构建 gem 本机扩展 — Rails 安装
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Failed to build gem native extension — Rails install
提问by pata kusik
I have been installing Ruby on Rails based on the instruction from edX online class.
我一直在根据 edX 在线课程的说明安装 Ruby on Rails。
Here is a list of terminal commands, and, where relevant, corresponding output:
以下是终端命令列表，以及相关的相应输出：
$ sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1
installation successful
安装成功
$ wget http://production.cf.rubygems.org/rubygems/rubygems-1.8.24.tgz
$ tar zxvf ruby-1.8.24.tgz
$ cd ruby-1..8.24
$ sudo ruby setup.rb
RubyGems 1.8.24 installed
== 1.8.24 / 2012-04-27
* 1 bug fix:
* Install the .pem files properly. Fixes #320
* Remove OpenSSL dependency from the http code path
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RubyGems installed the following executables:
/usr/bin/gem1.9.1
Up to here, everything looked fine, but the I tried to install rails and failed:
到这里为止，一切看起来都很好，但是我尝试安装 rails 并失败了：
$ sudo gem install rails
Fetching: i18n-0.6.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: multi_json-1.3.6.gem (100%)
Fetching: activesupport-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: builder-3.0.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: activemodel-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-1.4.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-cache-1.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-test-0.6.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: journey-1.0.4.gem (100%)
Fetching: hike-1.2.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: tilt-1.3.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: sprockets-2.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: erubis-2.7.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: actionpack-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: arel-3.0.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: tzinfo-0.3.33.gem (100%)
Fetching: activerecord-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: activeresource-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: mime-types-1.19.gem (100%)
Fetching: polyglot-0.3.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: treetop-1.4.10.gem (100%)
Fetching: mail-2.4.4.gem (100%)
Fetching: actionmailer-3.2.8.gem (100%)
Fetching: rake-0.9.2.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-ssl-1.3.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: thor-0.16.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: json-1.7.5.gem (100%)
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing rails:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
from /usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
from extconf.rb:1:in `<main>'
Gem files will remain installed in /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.7.5 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.7.5/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out
回答by Suhail Patel
mkmfis part of the ruby1.9.1-devpackage. This package contains the header files needed for extension libraries for Ruby 1.9.1. You need to install the ruby1.9.1-devpackage by doing:
mkmf是ruby1.9.1-dev包的一部分。此包包含 Ruby 1.9.1 扩展库所需的头文件。您需要ruby1.9.1-dev通过执行以下操作来安装软件包：
sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev
Then you can install Rails as per normal.
然后你可以正常安装Rails。
Generally it's easier to just do:
一般来说，这样做更容易：
sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
回答by user1821237
The suggested answer only works for certain versions of ruby. Some commenters suggest using ruby-dev; that didn't work for me either.
建议的答案仅适用于某些版本的 ruby。一些评论者建议使用 ruby-dev；这对我也不起作用。
sudo apt-get install ruby-all-dev
worked for me.
对我来说有效。
回答by Tanzeel
sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
worked for me
对我来说有效
