Java 运行 Cucumber JUnit 测试时出现初始化错误

InitializationError while running Cucumber JUnit Tests

提问by Mohit Mair

package cucumber;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
        format={"pretty"},
        features= "src/features/"
        )
public class cucumberRunner {

}

Using:

使用：

• cucumber-core-1.2.4
• cucumber-java-1.2.4
• cucumber-junit-1.2.4
• junit-4.12
• Eclipse Mars.1
• java 8

• 黄瓜核心1.2.4
• 黄瓜-java-1.2.4
• 黄瓜junit-1.2.4
• junit-4.12
• Eclipse Mars.1
• 爪哇 8

Error Trace:

错误跟踪：

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/dom4j/Element at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.privateGetPublicMethods(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.getMethods(Unknown Source) at cucumber.runtime.java.MethodScanner.scan(MethodScanner.java:40) at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaBackend.loadGlue(JavaBackend.java:86) at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.(Runtime.java:91) at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.(Runtime.java:69) at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.(Runtime.java:65) at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.createRuntime(Cucumber.java:78) at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.(Cucumber.java:58) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86) at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26) at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createUnfilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:84) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:70) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:43) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:444) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.dom4j.Element at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) ... 28 more

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/dom4j/Element at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Class.privateGetPublicMethods(Unknown Source) at java。 lang.Class.getMethods(Unknown Source) atcucumber.runtime.java.MethodScanner.scan(MethodScanner.java:40) 在cucumber.runtime.java.JavaBackend.loadGlue(JavaBackend.java:86) 在cucumber.runtime.Runtime。 (Runtime.java:91) 在cucumber.runtime.Runtime.(Runtime.java:69) 在cucumber.runtime.Runtime.(Runtime.java:65) 在cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.createRuntime(Cucumber.java: 78）在cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.（Cucumber.java：58）在sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0（Native Method）在sun.reflect。NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java: 104) 在 org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86) 在 org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) 在 org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder .runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26) at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33) at org. eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner。JUnit4TestLoader.createUnfilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:84) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:70) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests( JUnit4TestLoader.java:43) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:444) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java: 675) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) 引起的: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.dom4j.Element at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader。loadClass(Unknown Source) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) ... 28 更多

What could be the problem?

可能是什么问题呢？

回答by Argelbargel

The problem is that your class is located in the package 'cucumber'. Either rename the package or move your step-definitions and other glue-code to a sub-package like 'cucumber.steps' and restrict the lookup of glue-code to this package:

问题是您的课程位于“cucumber”包中。重命名包或将您的步骤定义和其他胶水代码移动到像“cucumber.steps”这样的子包中，并将胶水代码的查找限制在此包中：

package cucumber;
import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

 @RunWith(Cucumber.class)
 @CucumberOptions(
    format={"pretty"},
    features= "src/features/",
    glue = "cucumber.steps")
 public class cucumberRunner {}

回答by Eswar Prasad

Try importing the below,

尝试导入以下内容，

import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;
import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;