bash shell 脚本中的 YYYY-MM-DD 格式日期

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时间:2020-09-09 18:30:09  来源:igfitidea点击:

YYYY-MM-DD format date in shell script

bashshelldatestrftime

提问by Kapsh

I tried using $(date)in my bash shell script, however, I want the date in YYYY-MM-DDformat.
How do I get this?

我尝试$(date)在我的 bash shell 脚本中使用,但是,我想要YYYY-MM-DD格式的日期。
我怎么得到这个?

回答by Philip Fourie

In bash (>=4.2) it is preferable to use printf's built-in date formatter (part of bash) rather than the external date(usually GNU date).

在 bash (>=4.2) 中,最好使用 printf 的内置日期格式化程序(bash 的一部分)而不是外部date(通常是 GNU 日期)。

As such:

像这样:

# put current date as yyyy-mm-dd in $date
# -1 -> explicit current date, bash >=4.3 defaults to current time if not provided
# -2 -> start time for shell
printf -v date '%(%Y-%m-%d)T\n' -1 

# put current date as yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS in $date
printf -v date '%(%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S)T\n' -1 

# to print directly remove -v flag, as such:
printf '%(%Y-%m-%d)T\n' -1
# -> current date printed to terminal

In bash (<4.2):

在 bash (<4.2) 中:

# put current date as yyyy-mm-dd in $date
date=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d')

# put current date as yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS in $date
date=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

# print current date directly
echo $(date '+%Y-%m-%d')

Other available date formats can be viewed from the date man pages(for external non-bash specific command):

可以从日期手册页查看其他可用的日期格式(对于外部非 bash 特定命令):

man date

回答by kwatford

Try: $(date +%F)

尝试: $(date +%F)

回答by kwatford

You can do something like this:

你可以这样做:

$ date +'%Y-%m-%d'

回答by Medievalist

You're looking for ISO 8601standard date format, so if you have GNU date (or any date command more modern than 1988) just do: $(date -I)

您正在寻找ISO 8601标准日期格式,因此如果您有 GNU 日期(或任何比 1988 年更现代的日期命令),只需执行以下操作:$(date -I)

回答by xu2mao

date -d '1 hour ago' '+%Y-%m-%d'

The output would be 2015-06-14.

输出将是2015-06-14.

回答by ahmettolga

$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S)

can be used to remove colons (:) in between

可用于删除中间的冒号 (:)

output

输出

2018-06-20_09-55-58

回答by wjandrea

With recent Bash (version ≥ 4.2), you can use the builtin printfwith the format modifier %(strftime_format)T:

使用最近的 Bash(版本 ≥ 4.2),您可以使用printf带有格式修饰符的内置函数%(strftime_format)T

$ printf '%(%Y-%m-%d)T\n' -1  # Get YYYY-MM-DD (-1 stands for "current time")
2017-11-10
$ printf '%(%F)T\n' -1  # Synonym of the above
2017-11-10
$ printf -v date '%(%F)T' -1  # Capture as var $date

printfis much faster than datesince it's a Bash builtin while dateis an external command.

printfdate因为它是 Bash 内置date而是外部命令快得多。

As well, printf -v date ...is faster than date=$(printf ...)since it doesn't require forking a subshell.

同样,printf -v date ...date=$(printf ...)因为不需要分叉子shell而更快。

回答by arp

Whenever I have a task like this I end up falling back to

每当我有这样的任务时,我最终都会回到

$ man strftime

to remind myself of all the possibilities.

提醒自己所有的可能性。

回答by Crt

if you want the year in a two number format such as 17 rather than 2017, do the following:

如果您希望年份采用两个数字格式,例如 17 而不是 2017,请执行以下操作:

DATE=`date +%d-%m-%y`

回答by ankitbaldua

#!/bin/bash -e

x='2018-01-18 10:00:00'
a=$(date -d "$x")
b=$(date -d "$a 10 min" "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
c=$(date -d "$b 10 min" "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
#date -d "$a 30 min" "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

echo Entered Date is $x
echo Second Date is $b
echo Third Date is $c

Here x is sample date used & then example displays both formatting of data as well as getting dates 10 mins more then current date.

这里 x 是使用的示例日期,然后示例显示数据格式以及获取比当前日期多 10 分钟的日期。