如何 git clone 特定版本？
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how to git clone a specific release?
提问by vdegenne
so that's it, I finished the very first version of my application.
就是这样，我完成了我的应用程序的第一个版本。
I committed the final state of the first version
我提交了第一个版本的最终状态
git commit -m "some final tweaks"
and created the versioning tag
并创建了版本控制标签
git tag v1.0.0
and pusheverything remotely.
和push一切远程。
now I am in the process of starting developing the second version of the application with some improvements I already have in mind.
现在我正在开始开发该应用程序的第二个版本，并进行了一些我已经想到的改进。
Is it possible, later, when I'd made these improvements and commitand create a new tag(v2.0.0), to git clone a specific state of the git providing a tag ?
稍后，当我进行这些改进并commit创建一个新的tag（v2.0.0）时，是否有可能git clone 提供标签的 git 的特定状态？
If the last version is v2.0.0, can I still clone the version 1.0.x?
如果最后一个版本是v2.0.0，我还可以克隆1.0.x版本吗？
something like git clone [email protected]:mygitname/theproject.git#1.0.2for instance ?
诸如此类的东西git clone [email protected]:mygitname/theproject.git#1.0.2？
回答by jordanm
You can do this with the --branchflag, which will also accept a tag.
您可以使用--branch标志执行此操作，该标志也将接受标签。
$ git clone [email protected]:mygitname/theproject.git --branch 1.0.2
In most cases, you will just want to checkout the tag as described in Exprator's answer.
在大多数情况下，您只想按照 Exprator 的回答中所述签出标签。
回答by Mark Adelsberger
With git you usually don't clone a particular version; you clonethe entire repo - making a local copy of the every version - and then checkouta specific version.
使用 git，您通常不会克隆特定版本；你clone整个回购 - 制作每个版本的本地副本 - 然后checkout是特定版本。
By default when you clone, a specific version (usually master) is checked out. You can change which version is checked out with the -boption (or, of course, you can just check out the desired version after the clone completes).
默认情况下，当您克隆时，会签出特定版本（通常为master）。您可以使用该-b选项更改检出的版本（当然，您也可以在克隆完成后检出所需的版本）。
But there are scenarios where that's not practically useful advice, such as if you're using npmto fetch something from git (so you don't directly issue a clonecommand). In the case of npm, you can add a commit identifier (branch, tag, commit SHA, etc.) to the end of the URL as a hash fragment. (AFAIK that onlyworks with npmthough; it doesn't work with git clonethe way you asked about.)
但是在某些情况下，这并不是实际有用的建议，例如，如果您使用npm从 git 获取某些内容（因此您不直接发出clone命令）。对于npm，您可以将提交标识符（分支、标签、提交 SHA 等）作为哈希片段添加到 URL 的末尾。（AFAIK仅适用于npm；它不适用于git clone您询问的方式。）
For completeness's sake, if you reallywanted to clone just a particular version (copying only that version from the remote to your local machine), you could do something like
为了完整起见，如果您真的只想克隆特定版本（仅将该版本从远程复制到本地计算机），您可以执行以下操作
git clone --depth 1 -b branch_name
(where branch_nameis the name of either a branch or a tag).
（其中branch_name是分支或标签的名称）。
