Java 带有 JUnit 测试和依赖注入的 Spring 不起作用
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33433869/
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Spring with JUnit Testing and Dependency Injection does not work
提问by Hakan Kiyar
I try to use Springs own Dependency Injection in a Junit test case:
我尝试在 Junit 测试用例中使用 Springs 自己的依赖注入：
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
import org.binarisinformatik.api.AppConfig;
import org.binarisinformatik.satzrechner.SatzRechner;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes=AppConfig.class)
//@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = {AppConfig.class})
public class SatzRechnerTest {
@Autowired
private SatzRechner satzRechner; //SUT
@Before
public void setUp() {
// AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SatzRechnerTest.class);
//satzRechner=context.getBean(SatzRechner.class);
}
@Test
public void addiere_satz_4komma6_zu_zahlwert_10() {
assertThat("Addition von \"4,6\" ergibt nicht 10!",
satzRechner.summe("4,6"), is(equalTo(10)));
}
Im testing a class names SatzRechnerin which Spring should also autowire some variables. Here is my Class under test:
我正在测试一个类名SatzRechner，其中 Spring 还应该自动装配一些变量。这是我正在测试的班级：
@Component
public class SatzRechner {
@Autowired //@Inject
private Rechner taschenRechner;
@Autowired
private Zahlenfabrik zahlenfabrik;
public Integer summe(String zeichenSatz) {
return taschenRechner.summe(zahlenfabrik.erzeugeZahlen(zeichenSatz));
}
}
And AppConfig.classwhich is using as Configurationfile looks like that:
而AppConfig.class这是使用作为的ConfigurationFile看起来像这样：
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value={"org.binarisinformatik"})
public class AppConfig {
}
What is here the problem?
这里有什么问题？
采纳答案by André Blaszczyk
If you want to use a Spring configuration class, this one must have beans definitions. Please find an example below :
如果要使用 Spring 配置类，则此配置类必须有 bean 定义。请在下面找到一个例子：
Test class:
测试类：
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
import org.binarisinformatik.api.AppConfig;
import org.binarisinformatik.satzrechner.SatzRechner;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes=AppConfig.class)
public class SatzRechnerTest {
@Autowired
private SatzRechner satzRechner;
@Test
public void addiere_satz_4komma6_zu_zahlwert_10() {
assertThat("Addition von \"4,6\" ergibt nicht 10!",
satzRechner.summe("4,6"), is(equalTo(10)));
}
}
Configuration class :
配置类：
You have to declare @Bean annotated methods. These beans are managed by Spring container.
您必须声明@Bean 注释方法。这些 bean 由 Spring 容器管理。
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
// Beans present here will be injected into the SatzRechnerTest class.
@Bean
public SatzRechner satzRechner() {
return new SatzRechner();
}
@Bean
public Rechner taschenRechner() {
return new TaschenRechner();
}
@Bean
public Zahlenfabrik zahlenfabrik() {
return new Zahlenfabrik();
}
}
Note : I let you properly handle returned types here and beans parameters (if present in your context).
注意：我让您正确处理此处返回的类型和 beans 参数（如果您的上下文中存在）。
回答by K. Singh
There are two things you have to ensure before you run the test case successfully:
在成功运行测试用例之前，您必须确保两件事：
1) Classes SatzRechner, Rechner & Zahlenfabrik should be under "org.binarisinformatik" package 2) Classes Rechner & Zahlenfabrik should also be annotated with @Component as SatzRechner.
1) 类 SatzRechner、Rechner 和 Zahlenfabrik 应该在“org.binarisinformatik”包下 2) 类 Rechner 和 Zahlenfabrik 也应该用 @Component 注释为 SatzRechner。
