C# 验证电子邮件地址
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Validating an email address
提问by ashwnacharya
I am trying to send an email using c# using the following code.
我正在尝试使用以下代码使用 c# 发送电子邮件。
MailMessage mail = new MailMessage();
mail.From = new MailAddress(fromAddress, friendlyName);
mail.To.Add(toAddress);
mail.CC.Add(ccAddress);
//set the content
mail.Subject = emailSubject;
mail.Body = emailHeader + "\n" + emailBody;
//send the message
SmtpClient smtp = new SmtpClient(ServerAddress);
smtp.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultNetworkCredentials;
mail.IsBodyHtml = true;
smtp.Send(mail);
Now the "toAddress" string that my function recieves might contain a single address, or it might have many, comma delimited addresses.
现在，我的函数接收到的“toAddress”字符串可能包含单个地址，也可能包含多个以逗号分隔的地址。
Now the problem is that, in case of multiple comma delimited addresses, one or two of them might be of the wrong email address format.
现在的问题是，如果有多个逗号分隔的地址，其中一两个可能是错误的电子邮件地址格式。
So when I try to send an email using this code, I get the exception:
因此，当我尝试使用此代码发送电子邮件时，出现异常：
"The specified string is not in the form required for an e-mail address."
“指定的字符串不是电子邮件地址所需的格式。”
Is there any way to validate the comma delimited email addresses? I had read somewhere that the only way to validate an email address is to send an email to it, because the regular expressions to validate an email addreess can be surprisingly huge.
有没有办法验证逗号分隔的电子邮件地址？我在某处读到过，验证电子邮件地址的唯一方法是向其发送电子邮件，因为验证电子邮件地址的正则表达式可能非常庞大。
Also, I have no control over the design, or on how that address string comes to my function,I can't add the email validation in the UI, so I am helpless there...
此外，我无法控制设计，或者无法控制地址字符串如何进入我的函数，我无法在 UI 中添加电子邮件验证，所以我在那里很无助......
My problem is that the email will not be delivered to ALLthe addresses in the comma delimited string, even though only SOMEof the addresses are of the wrong format.
我的问题是电子邮件不会发送到逗号分隔字符串中的所有地址，即使只有一些地址格式错误。
Is there any way to properly validate email addresses in .NET? Is there a way to weed out the bad email addresses and send the mail to only the good ones?
有没有办法正确验证 .NET 中的电子邮件地址？有没有办法清除错误的电子邮件地址并只将邮件发送给好的电子邮件地址？
采纳答案by Fredrik Leijon
You could just split the email string on the comma and validate each email address using a simple (or huge) email regex. Or, try creating a MailAddressobject; it supports some basic validation of the address too.
您可以在逗号上拆分电子邮件字符串，并使用简单（或巨大的）电子邮件正则表达式验证每个电子邮件地址。或者，尝试创建一个MailAddress对象；它也支持地址的一些基本验证。
回答by TheVillageIdiot
Currently we are using following function and it is working quite well for us :)
目前我们正在使用以下功能，它对我们来说效果很好:)
public static bool IsValidEmail(string email)
{
// source: http://thedailywtf.com/Articles/Validating_Email_Addresses.aspx
Regex rx = new Regex(
@"^[-!#$%&'*+/0-9=?A-Z^_a-z{|}~](\.?[-!#$%&'*+/0-9=?A-Z^_a-z{|}~])*@[a-zA-Z](-?[a-zA-Z0-9])*(\.[a-zA-Z](-?[a-zA-Z0-9])*)+$");
return rx.IsMatch(email);
}
Please use this:
请使用这个：
(?:[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\.[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*|"(?:[\x01-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f\x21\x23-\x5b\x5d-\x7f]|\[\x01-\x09\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x7f])*")@(?:(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?|\[(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?|[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9]:(?:[\x01-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f\x21-\x5a\x53-\x7f]|\[\x01-\x09\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x7f])+)\])
回答by ChrisF
The following will check that the e-mail address is of the correct form (not it that actually exists):
以下将检查电子邮件地址的格式是否正确（不是实际存在的）：
private bool isEmail(string inputEmail)
{
Regex re = new Regex(@"^[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}$",
RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
return re.IsMatch(inputEmail);
}
I've updated this with a simpler expression (including case insensitivity) in order to hopefully make it a bit clearer.
我已经用更简单的表达式（包括不区分大小写）更新了它，希望能让它更清晰一些。
The following is the basics of the code that will verify that the domain actually exists:
以下是将验证域实际存在的代码的基础知识：
private bool isRealDomain(string inputEmail)
{
bool isReal = false;
try
{
string[] host = (inputEmail.Split('@'));
string hostname = host[1];
IPHostEntry IPhst = Dns.GetHostEntry(hostname);
IPEndPoint endPt = new IPEndPoint(IPhst.AddressList[0], 25);
Socket s = new Socket(endPt.AddressFamily,
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
s.Connect(endPt);
s.Close();
isReal = true;
}
catch (<specific exceptions here>)
{
}
return isReal;
}
There is a lot more you can do, actually trying to connect for example, to verify that the domain will receive the mail. Plus you'll need to make sure you catch the necessary exceptions and handle them correctly.
您还可以做很多事情，例如实际尝试连接，以验证域是否会收到邮件。另外，您需要确保捕获必要的异常并正确处理它们。
回答by Phil
Yeah, split the emails string on the delimiter and then validate each email address. here's an example, it will fail on the second email address (foo#bar.com). I've used the regular expression from the asp.net regular expression control to validate the addresses.
是的，在分隔符上拆分电子邮件字符串，然后验证每个电子邮件地址。这是一个示例，它会在第二个电子邮件地址 (foo#bar.com) 上失败。我使用了来自 asp.net 正则表达式控件的正则表达式来验证地址。
String email = "[email protected];foo#bar.com";
String expression = @"\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*";
Regex regex = new Regex(expression);
String[] emails = email.Split(new Char[] { ';' });
foreach (String s in emails)
{
Match m = regex.Match(s);
if (!m.Success)
{
// Validation fails.
}
}
回答by Kobi
This is code we have on production (even added a comma for you). Normally you shouldn't use try/catch for validation, but it works well here. I believe it's better than trying to recode the validator.
这是我们在生产中的代码（甚至为您添加了一个逗号）。通常你不应该使用 try/catch 进行验证，但它在这里工作得很好。我相信这比尝试重新编码验证器要好。
string[] allToAddresses = to.Split(";,".ToCharArray(),
StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
foreach (string toAddress in allToAddresses)
{
try
{
message.To.Add(toAddress);
}
catch (FormatException)
{
//do nothing, illformed address. screw it.
}
}
回答by Valamas
There does not appear to be a good way to validate email addresses.
似乎没有验证电子邮件地址的好方法。
I have not found a regex to date which will validate correctly. I have had cases of email addresses being blocked by regex. So our focus is to ensure that the MailMessage does not throw an exception during a send. If it does, we can notify the users. But outside of that, if you give bad email address, you don't get an email.
迄今为止，我还没有找到可以正确验证的正则表达式。我曾遇到过电子邮件地址被正则表达式阻止的情况。所以我们的重点是确保 MailMessage 在发送过程中不会抛出异常。如果是，我们可以通知用户。但除此之外，如果您提供错误的电子邮件地址，您将不会收到电子邮件。
回答by Ryan O'Neill
Because none of the other answers appear to show a 100% working regex, I'll have a go. This is taken from production code and does not suffer from the single letter TLD issue ([email protected]).
因为其他答案似乎都没有显示 100% 有效的正则表达式，我会试一试。这是取自生产代码，不受单字母 TLD 问题 ([email protected]) 的影响。
private bool IsEmailSyntaxValid(string emailToValidate)
{
return System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(emailToValidate,
@"^([a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$");
}
Can't remember where I got this, but as I say, it works for me in production.
不记得我从哪里得到的，但正如我所说，它在生产中对我有用。
回答by Dmitry
Having 100% RFC-compliant email validation is hard, see this answerfor details. In .NET two relatively straightforward ways is to use MailAddress
100% 符合 RFC 的电子邮件验证很难，请参阅此答案以了解详细信息。在 .NET 中，两种相对简单的方法是使用MailAddress
try {
new MailAddress("invalid_email");
} catch (FormatException) {
// invalid
}
Or more strict Regex-based approach from MSDN(handles IDN and Regex parsing timeout for .NET 4.5):
或者来自MSDN 的更严格的基于正则表达式的方法（处理 .NET 4.5 的 IDN 和正则表达式解析超时）：
// NET 4.0
Boolean mappingInvalid = false;
emailString = Regex.Replace(emailString, @"(@)(.+)$", match => {
String domainName = match.Groups[2].Value;
try {
domainName = new IdnMapping().GetAscii(domainName);
} catch (ArgumentException) {
mappingInvalid = true;
}
return match.Groups[1].Value + domainName;
});
if (mappingInvalid) {
return false;
}
return Regex.IsMatch(emailString,
@"^(?("")(""[^""]+?""@)|(([0-9a-z]((\.(?!\.))|[-!#$%&'\*\+/=\?\^`\{\}\|~\w])*)(?<=[0-9a-z])@))" +
@"(?(\[)(\[(\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}\])|(([0-9a-z][-\w]*[0-9a-z]*\.)+[a-z0-9]{2,17}))$",
RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
回答by Sayed Azharuddin
string uname = Convert.ToString(string);
string expression = @"\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*";
Regex regex = new Regex(expression);
Match m = regex.Match(uname);
if (m.Success)
{
emailId = uname;
}
回答by Peter
You can always use the regex at this siteits hugeand totally unreadable but it gets most edge cases.
您始终可以在此站点上使用正则表达式，其庞大且完全不可读，但它会遇到大多数边缘情况。
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