如何使用 Python 设置 XML 元素的属性？
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18796280/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How do I set attributes for an XML element with Python?
提问by Venkatesh
I am using ElementTree to build an XML file.
我正在使用 ElementTree 构建一个 XML 文件。
When I try to set an element's attribute with ET.SubElement().__setattr__(), I get the error AttributeError: __setattr__.
当我尝试使用 设置元素的属性时ET.SubElement().__setattr__()，出现错误AttributeError: __setattr__。
import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET
summary = open(Summary.xml, 'w')
root = ET.Element('Summary')
ET.SubElement(root, 'TextSummary')
ET.SubElement(root,'TextSummary').__setattr__('Status','Completed') # Error occurs here
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
tree.write(summary)
summary.close()
After code execution, my XML should resemble the following:
代码执行后，我的 XML 应类似于以下内容：
<Summary>
<TextSummary Status = 'Completed'/>
</Summary>
How do I add attributes to an XML element with Python using xml.etree.cElementTree?
如何使用 Python 向 XML 元素添加属性xml.etree.cElementTree？
采纳答案by Thomas Orozco
You should be doing:
你应该这样做：
ET.SubElement(root,'TextSummary').set('Status','Completed')
回答by Stevoisiak
You can specify attributes for an Elementor SubElementduring creation with keyword arguments.
您可以使用关键字参数在创建过程中为Element或指定属性SubElement。
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
root = ET.Element('Summary')
ET.SubElement(root, 'TextSummary', Status='Completed')
XML:
XML：
<Summary>
<TextSummary Status="Completed"/>
</Summary>
Alternatively, you can use .setto add attributes to an existing element.
或者，您可以使用.set向现有元素添加属性。
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
root = ET.Element('Summary')
sub = ET.SubElement(root, 'TextSummary')
sub.set('Status', 'Completed')
XML:
XML：
<Summary>
<TextSummary Status="Completed"/>
</Summary>
Technical Explanation:
技术说明：
The constructors for Elementand SubElementinclude **extra, which accepts attributes as keyword arguments.
Element和SubElementinclude的构造函数**extra，它接受属性作为关键字参数。
xml.etree.ElementTree.Element(tag, attrib={}, **extra)
xml.etree.ElementTree.SubElement(parent, tag, attrib={}, **extra)
This allows you to add an arbitrary number of attributes.
这允许您添加任意数量的属性。
root = ET.Element('Summary', Date='2018/07/02', Timestamp='11:44am')
# <Summary Date = "2018/07/02" Timestamp = "11:44am">
You can also use use .setto add attributes to a pre-existing element. However, this can only add one element at a time. (As suggested by Thomas Orozco).
您还可以使用 use.set向预先存在的元素添加属性。但是，这一次只能添加一个元素。（正如托马斯·奥罗斯科（Thomas Orozco）所建议的那样）。
root = ET.Element('Summary')
root.set('Date', '2018/07/02')
root.set('Timestamp', '11:44am')
# <Summary Date = "2018/07/02" Timestamp = "11:44am">
Full Example:
完整示例：
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
root = ET.Element('school', name='Willow Creek High')
ET.SubElement(root, 'student', name='Jane Doe', grade='9')
print(ET.tostring(root).decode())
# <school name="Willow Creek High"><student grade="9" name="Jane Doe" /></school>
回答by Parveen Kaloi
The best way to set multiple attributes in single line is below. I wrote this code for SVG XML creation:
在单行中设置多个属性的最佳方法如下。我为 SVG XML 创建编写了以下代码：
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
svg = ET.Element('svg', attrib={'height':'210','width':'500'})
g = ET.SubElement(svg,'g', attrib={'x':'10', 'y':'12','id':'groupName'})
line = ET.SubElement(g, 'line', attrib={'x1':'0','y1':'0','x2':'200','y2':'200','stroke':'red'})
print(ET.tostring(svg, encoding="us-ascii", method="xml"))
