在 C++ 中创建结构数组
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Creating an array of structs in C++
提问by SnoringFrog
I'm working on an assignment that requires me to use an "array of structs". I did this once before for another assignment for this prof, using this code:
我正在处理一项要求我使用“结构数组”的作业。我之前为该教授的另一项作业做过一次，使用以下代码：
struct monthlyData {
float rainfall;
float highTemp;
float lowTemp;
float avgTemp;
} month[12];
Which got the job done fine, but I got points marked off for the array being global. What should I do instead to avoid that? I haven't touched C++ at all over the summer, so I'm pretty rusty on it at the moment and have no clue where to start for this one.
这让工作做得很好，但我得到了标记为全局数组的分数。我应该怎么做才能避免这种情况？整个夏天我都没有接触过 C++，所以我现在对它很生疏，不知道从哪里开始。
回答by Nawaz
Simply define the struct as:
只需将结构定义为：
struct monthlyData {
float rainfall;
float highTemp;
float lowTemp;
float avgTemp;
};
And then create an array of this struct, in a function, where you need it:
然后在需要它的函数中创建此结构的数组：
void f() {
monthlyData month[12];
//use month
}
Now the array is not a global variable. It is a local variable, and you've to pass this variable to other function(s) so that other function(s) can use the samearray. And here is how you should pass it:
现在数组不是全局变量。它是一个局部变量，您必须将此变量传递给其他函数，以便其他函数可以使用相同的数组。这是你应该如何通过它：
void otherFunction(monthlyData *month) {
// process month
}
void f() {
monthlyData month[12];
// use month
otherFunction(month);
}
Note that otherFunctionassumes that the size of array is 12(a constant value). If the size can be anything, then you can do this instead:
请注意，otherFunction假设数组的大小为12（常量值）。如果大小可以是任何大小，那么您可以这样做：
void otherFunction(monthlyData *month, int size) {
// process month
}
void f() {
monthlyData month[12];
// use month
otherFunction(month, 12); //pass 12 as size
}
回答by Davide Piras
well, you can have the array declared only inside the method that needs it :)
好吧，您只能在需要它的方法中声明数组:)
struct monthlyData
{
float rainfall;
float highTemp;
float lowTemp;
float avgTemp;
};
int main()
{
monthlyData month[12];
}
and if you need to use it also from another method, you pass it around as method parameter.
如果您还需要从另一个方法中使用它，则将它作为方法参数传递。
回答by Ed Heal
Declar the struct first
先声明结构体
struct monthlyData {
float rainfall;
float highTemp;
float lowTemp;
float avgTemp;
};
Then use e.g.
然后使用例如
void foo()
{
struct monthlyData months[12];
....
}
