用于删除重音的 php iconv translit：无法正常工作？
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php iconv translit for removing accents: not working as excepted?
提问by dynamic
consider this simple code:
考虑这个简单的代码：
echo iconv('UTF-8', 'ASCII//TRANSLIT', 'è');
it prints
它打印
`e
instead of just
而不仅仅是
e
do you know what I am doing wrong?
你知道我做错了什么吗？
nothing changed after adding setlocale
添加 setlocale 后没有任何变化
setlocale(LC_COLLATE, 'en_US.utf8');
echo iconv('UTF-8', 'ASCII//TRANSLIT', 'è');
回答by Hidde
I have this standard function to return valid url strings without the invalid url characters. The magic seems to be in the line after the //remove unwanted characterscomment.
我有这个标准函数来返回没有无效 url 字符的有效 url 字符串。魔术似乎在//remove不需要的字符注释之后的行中。
This is taken from the Symfony framework documentation: http://www.symfony-project.org/jobeet/1_4/Doctrine/en/08which in turn is taken from http://php.vrana.cz/vytvoreni-pratelskeho-url.phpbut i don't speak Czech ;-)
这取自 Symfony 框架文档：http: //www.symfony-project.org/jobeet/1_4/Doctrine/en/08，这又取自http://php.vrana.cz/vytvoreni-pratelskeho- url.php但我不会说捷克语 ;-)
function slugify($text)
{
// replace non letter or digits by -
$text = preg_replace('#[^\pL\d]+#u', '-', $text);
// trim
$text = trim($text, '-');
// transliterate
if (function_exists('iconv'))
{
$text = iconv('utf-8', 'us-ascii//TRANSLIT', $text);
}
// lowercase
$text = strtolower($text);
// remove unwanted characters
$text = preg_replace('#[^-\w]+#', '', $text);
if (empty($text))
{
return 'n-a';
}
return $text;
}
echo slugify('é'); // --> "e"
回答by eleg
cf @tchrist, with INTL php extension
cf @tchrist，带有 INTL php 扩展名
http://fr2.php.net/manual/en/book.intl.php
http://fr2.php.net/manual/en/book.intl.php
preg_replace('/\pM*/u','',normalizer_normalize( $mystring, Normalizer::FORM_D));
eéèê?i??o??uù?üaa?? ? ??? ?????ū???????? ?ǖbecomes
eéèê?i??o??uù?üaa?? ? ？？？?????ū???????? ?ǖ变成
eeeeeiiiooouuuuaaaA Η OaA A???uU?O?????? ?u
eeeeeiiiooouuuuaaaA Η OaA A???uU?O?????? ?u
As tchrist emphasises, not all unicode characters are considered decomposable:
正如 tchrist 所强调的，并非所有 unicode 字符都被认为是可分解的：
extract from Unicode charts:
从 Unicode 图表中提取：
U0080.pdf
U0080.pdf
00CF ? LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS
≡ 0049 I 0308 ¨
NB this symbol ? ≡ ? indicate an available decomposition
00D0 D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH
→ 00F0 e latin small letter eth
→ 0110 ? latin capital letter d with stroke
→ 0189 ? latin capital letter african d
00CF ? 带分音符的拉丁文大写字母 I
≡ 0049 I 0308 ¨
注意这个符号？≡ ? 表明一个可用的分解
00D0 D 拉丁文大写字母 ETH
→ 00F0 e 拉丁小写字母 eth
→0110？带笔画的拉丁文大写字母 d
→0189？拉丁文大写字母非洲 d
no decomposition available, IMHO strangely (we could consider ASCII letter D as an acceptable equivalent).
没有可用的分解，恕我直言很奇怪（我们可以将 ASCII 字母 D 视为可接受的等价物）。
U0100.pdf
U0100.pdf
0110 ? LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH STROKE
→ 00D0 D latin capital letter eth
→ 0111 ? latin small letter d with stroke
→ 0189 ? latin capital letter african d
0110？带笔画的拉丁文大写字母 D
→ 00D0 D 拉丁大写字母 eth
→0111？带笔划的拉丁文小写字母 d
→0189？拉丁文大写字母非洲 d
even stranger: this one is identified as LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D (with stroke), but not decomposable as such! Perhaps a cooler solution should be to get the unicode description of each char, and compare it with the description of each ascii char (and replace accordingly). Anyone? ;-]
更奇怪的是：这个被识别为拉丁大写字母 D（带笔画），但不能分解！也许更酷的解决方案应该是获取每个字符的 unicode 描述，并将其与每个 ascii 字符的描述进行比较（并相应地替换）。任何人？;-]
回答by Stone
It happen with me with pure iconv without php. The Trick was to set LANG environment value to en_US.UTF-8 (it was hu_HU.UTF-8 before, in my case). After it worked as expected.
它发生在我身上，没有 php 的纯 iconv。诀窍是将 LANG 环境值设置为 en_US.UTF-8（在我的情况下之前是 hu_HU.UTF-8）。在它按预期工作之后。
回答by Michael Parkin
When doing transliteration, you have to make sure that your LC_COLLATE is properly set, otherwise the default POSIX will be used.
在进行音译时，您必须确保您的 LC_COLLATE 设置正确，否则将使用默认的 POSIX。
回答by Mike Sherrill 'Cat Recall'
I'm tempted to say "nothing", although this is a little outside my expertise. PHP's iconv() is notorious, and the inspiration for many workarounds, including
我很想说“没什么”，尽管这有点超出我的专业知识。PHP 的 iconv() 是臭名昭著的，许多解决方法的灵感，包括
- dropping to the system's iconv utility (Unix & Linux)
- crafting a lookup table
- replacing all accented characters with an ASCII equivalent as kind of a preprocessing stage
- setting LC_COLLATE (which doesn't seem to work for everyone)
- use htmlentities() instead of iconv()
- 进入系统的 iconv 实用程序（Unix 和 Linux）
- 制作查找表
- 用相当于预处理阶段的 ASCII 替换所有重音字符
- 设置 LC_COLLATE （这似乎并不适合所有人）
- 使用 htmlentities() 而不是 iconv()
Read the comments for iconv() documentationfor more inspiration. (Or commiseration. Too close to call.)
阅读iconv() 文档的评论以获得更多灵感。（或同情。太接近了。）
回答by Xeoncross
It seems the standard way to handle this is with a "removing accents" function which you can find in library's like flourishor CMS's like Wordpress. Iconv seems to be unable to translate accents (and rightly so) since this isn't a good idea for anything other than URL slugs.
似乎处理这个问题的标准方法是使用“删除重音”功能，您可以在库中找到，例如繁荣或 CMS 之类的Wordpress。Iconv 似乎无法翻译重音（而且确实如此），因为这对于 URL slug 以外的任何内容都不是一个好主意。
回答by fred727
It seem that it depend of the php version...
似乎它取决于php版本......
TestCase #1
测试用例 #1
php -version
PHP 7.0.0RC8(cli) (built: Nov 25 2015 12:36:50) ( NTS ) Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2015, by Zend Technologies
PHP 7.0.0RC8(cli) (built: Nov 25 2015 12:36:50) ( NTS ) 版权所有 (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.0.0, 版权所有 (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev，版权所有 (c) 1999-2015，由 Zend Technologies
php -r "var_dump(iconv('UTF-8', 'ASCII//TRANSLIT', 'è'));"
string(2) "`e"
TestCase #2
测试用例#2
php -version
PHP 7.0.8-1~dotdeb+8.1(cli) ( NTS ) Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies with Zend OPcache v7.0.8-1~dotdeb+8.1, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies
PHP 7.0.8-1~dotdeb+8.1(cli) (NTS) 版权所有 (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.0.0，版权所有 (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies with Zend OPcache v7.0.8-1~ dotdeb+8.1，版权所有 (c) 1999-2016，由 Zend Technologies
php -r "var_dump(iconv('UTF-8', 'ASCII//TRANSLIT', 'è'));"
string(1) "e"
