node.js Npm 安装失败，“无法在 wd 中运行”

Npm install failed with "cannot run in wd"

提问by E.H.

I am trying to get my node environment set up on a new Ubuntu 12.04 instance, with Node 0.8.14 already installed, but I ran into problems when I try to run npm install. So when I try npm install, it says that I need to run it as root or adminisrator:

我正在尝试在新的 Ubuntu 12.04 实例上设置我的节点环境，并且已经安装了 Node 0.8.14，但是当我尝试运行npm install. 所以当我尝试时npm install，它说我需要以 root 或管理员身份运行它：

Error: EACCES, mkdir '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/coffee-script'
npm ERR!  { [Error: EACCES, mkdir '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/coffee-script']
npm ERR!   errno: 3,
npm ERR!   code: 'EACCES',
npm ERR!   path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/coffee-script',
npm ERR!   fstream_type: 'Directory',
npm ERR!   fstream_path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/coffee-script',
npm ERR!   fstream_class: 'DirWriter',
npm ERR!   fstream_stack: 
npm ERR!    [ 'DirWriter._create                 (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/fstream/lib/dir-writer.js:36:23)',
npm ERR!      '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/mkdirp/index.js:37:53',
npm ERR!      'Object.oncomplete (fs.js:297:15)' ] }
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Please try running this command again as root/Administrator.

But when try to run it as sudo, it says the following:

但是当尝试以 sudo 运行它时，它会显示以下内容：

npm WARN cannot run in wd [email protected] npm install -g coffee-script node-gyp (wd=/home/ubuntu/PackNode)

In my package.json, it contains the following scripts:

在我的 package.json 中，它包含以下脚本：

"scripts": {
    "preinstall": "npm install -g coffee-script node-gyp",
    "start": "node server.js",
    "test": "mocha --require should --compilers coffee:coffee-script --colors"
 },

The rest of devdependencies are valid since I have been installing it all right on my own machine (Mac) Does anyone have a clue why this is happening?

其余的 devdependencies 是有效的，因为我一直在我自己的机器（Mac）上安装它，有没有人知道为什么会发生这种情况？

采纳答案by E.H.

OP here, I have learned a lot more about node since I first asked this question. Though Dmitry's answer was very helpful, what ultimately did it for me is to install node with the correct permissions.

OP 在这里，自从我第一次问这个问题以来，我对 node 有了更多的了解。尽管 Dmitry 的回答非常有帮助，但最终对我来说是安装具有正确权限的节点。

I highly recommend not installing node using any package managers, but rather to compile it yourself so that it resides in a local directory with normal permissions.

我强烈建议不要使用任何包管理器安装 node，而是自己编译它，以便它驻留在具有正常权限的本地目录中。

This article provides a very clear step-by-step instruction of how to do so:

本文提供了一个非常清晰的分步说明，说明如何执行此操作：

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-an-upstream-version-of-node-js-on-ubuntu-12-04

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-an-upstream-version-of-node-js-on-ubuntu-12-04

回答by Dmitry Pashkevich

The documentationsays (also here):

该文件说，（也是在这里）：

If npm was invoked with root privileges, then it will change the uid to the user account or uid specified by the userconfig, which defaults to nobody. Set the unsafe-permflag to run scripts with root privileges.

如果 npm 是用 root 权限调用的，那么它会将 uid 更改为用户帐户或user配置指定的 uid ，默认为nobody. 设置unsafe-perm标志以使用 root 权限运行脚本。

Your options are:

您的选择是：

1. Run npm installwith the --unsafe-permflag:

   [sudo] npm install --unsafe-perm
   

2. Add the unsafe-permflag to your package.json:

   "config": {
       "unsafe-perm":true
   }
   

3. Don't use the preinstallscript to install global modules, install them separately and then run the regular npm installwithout root privileges:

   sudo npm install -g coffee-script node-gyp
   npm install
   

1. 运行npm install与--unsafe-perm标志：

   [sudo] npm install --unsafe-perm
   

2. 将unsafe-perm标志添加到您的package.json：

   "config": {
       "unsafe-perm":true
   }
   

3. 不要使用preinstall脚本安装全局模块，单独安装它们然后在npm install没有root权限的情况下运行常规：

   sudo npm install -g coffee-script node-gyp
   npm install
   

---

---

Related:

相关：

• package.json for global module installation

• package.json 用于全局模块安装

回答by Undistraction

The only thing that worked for me was adding a .npmrcfile containing:

唯一对我有用的是添加一个.npmrc包含以下内容的文件：

unsafe-perm = true

Adding the same config to package.jsondidn't have any effect.

添加相同的配置package.json没有任何效果。

回答by Yassine Khachlek

I have experienced the same problem when trying to publish my nodejs app in a private server running CentOs using root user. The same error is fired by "postinstall": "./node_modules/bower/bin/bower install" in my package.json file so the only solution that was working for me is to use both options to avoid the error:

我在尝试使用 root 用户在运行 CentOs 的私有服务器中发布我的 nodejs 应用程序时遇到了同样的问题。我的 package.json 文件中的 "postinstall": "./node_modules/bower/bin/bower install" 触发了相同的错误，因此对我有用的唯一解决方案是使用这两个选项来避免错误：

1: use --allow-root option for bower install command

1：使用 --allow-root 选项用于 bower 安装命令

"postinstall": "./node_modules/bower/bin/bower --allow-root install"

2: use --unsafe-perm option for npm install command

2：在 npm install 命令中使用 --unsafe-perm 选项

npm install --unsafe-perm

回答by Daniel O'Leary

I fixed this by changing the ownership of /usr/localand ~/Users/user-namelike so:

我通过改变所有权来解决这个问题/usr/local，~/Users/user-name就像这样：

sudo chown -R my_name /usr/local

sudo chown -R my_name /usr/local

This allowed me to do everything without sudo

这让我可以在没有 sudo