Java 使用 Spring Boot 和 Spock 进行集成测试
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Integration Test with Spring Boot and Spock
提问by kuceram
What is the best way to run an integration test (e.g., @IntegrationTest) with Spock? I would like to bootstrap the whole Spring Boot application and execute some HTTP calls to test the whole functionality.
@IntegrationTest使用 Spock运行集成测试（例如）的最佳方法是什么？我想引导整个 Spring Boot 应用程序并执行一些 HTTP 调用来测试整个功能。
I can do it with JUnit (first the app runs and then the tests execute):
我可以使用 JUnit 来完成（首先运行应用程序，然后执行测试）：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MyServer.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest
class MyTest {
RestTemplate template = new TestRestTemplate();
@Test
public void testDataRoutingWebSocketToHttp() {
def a = template.getForEntity("http://localhost:8080", String.class)
println a
}
}
But with Spock the application doesn't start:
但是使用 Spock，应用程序不会启动：
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MyServer.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest
class MyTestSpec extends Specification {
RestTemplate template = new TestRestTemplate();
def "Do my test"() {
setup:
def a = template.getForEntity("http://localhost:8080", String.class)
expect:
println a
}
}
For Spock, of course, I have specified the proper dependencies in my Gradle build file:
当然，对于 Spock，我已经在 Gradle 构建文件中指定了正确的依赖项：
...
dependencies {
testCompile 'org.spockframework:spock-core:0.7-groovy-2.0'
testCompile 'org.spockframework:spock-spring:0.7-groovy-2.0'
}
...
Am I missing something?
我错过了什么吗？
采纳答案by Andy Wilkinson
The problem is that Spock Spring is looking for Spring's @ContextConfigurationannotation and doesn't manage to find it. Strictly speaking MyTestSpecisannotated with @ContextConfigurationas it's a meta-annotation on @SpringApplicationConfigurationbut Spock Spring doesn't consider meta-annotations as part of its search. There's an issueto address this limitation. In the meantime you can work around it.
问题是 Spock Spring 正在寻找 Spring 的@ContextConfiguration注解并且没有设法找到它。严格来说MyTestSpec是注解，@ContextConfiguration因为它是元注解，@SpringApplicationConfiguration但 Spock Spring 不考虑元注解作为其搜索的一部分。有一个问题需要解决这个限制。在此期间，您可以解决它。
All that @SpringApplicationConfigurationis doing is customising @ContextConfigurationwith a Boot-specific context loader. This means that you can achieve the same effect by using an appropriately configured @ContextConfigurationannotation instead:
所有这一切@SpringApplicationConfiguration正在做的是定制@ContextConfiguration了引导特定的上下文加载。这意味着您可以通过使用适当配置的@ContextConfiguration注释来实现相同的效果：
@ContextConfiguration(loader = SpringApplicationContextLoader.class, classes = MyServer.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest
class MyTestSpec extends Specification {
…
}
Update:Just to make sure it's clear (and based on the comments, it wasn't), for this to work you need to have org.spockframework:spock-springon the classpath.
更新：只是为了确保它很清楚（并且根据评论，它不是），为此您需要org.spockframework:spock-spring在类路径上工作。
回答by ignacio.suay
In the new Spring Boot version (1.4) instead of using:
在新的 Spring Boot 版本 (1.4) 中而不是使用：
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MyServer.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest
You could use
你可以用
@SpringBootTest(classes = MyServer.class)
and you will be able to start the application context and set any dependency.
并且您将能够启动应用程序上下文并设置任何依赖项。
for further information, please have a look to this example: http://ignaciosuay.com/how-to-do-integration-tests-with-spring-boot-and-spock/
有关更多信息，请查看此示例：http: //ignaciosuay.com/how-to-do-integration-tests-with-spring-boot-and-spock/
回答by Snekse
Ideally you'll use Spring Boot 1.4+ and Spock 1.1+.
理想情况下，您将使用 Spring Boot 1.4+ 和 Spock 1.1+。
Spring Boot added a lot of useful annotations. In addition to that @SpringBootTestthat @ignacio.suay mentioned, they also added @TestConfigurationwhich is useful if you want to use Spring mocks in your integration tests instead of Mockito.
Spring Boot 添加了很多有用的注解。除了@SpringBootTest@ignacio.suay 提到的内容之外，他们还添加了@TestConfiguration如果您想在集成测试中使用 Spring 模拟而不是 Mockito 时有用的内容。
If you combine @TestConfigurationwith the new Spock DetachedMockFactory, then you have all of the components you'll need to inject Spock Mocks into your Spring context.
如果您@TestConfiguration与新的 Spock结合使用DetachedMockFactory，那么您将拥有将 Spock Mocks 注入 Spring 上下文所需的所有组件。
I have a blog post with sample code here: Spring Integration Testing with Spock Mocks.
我在这里有一篇包含示例代码的博客文章：Spring Integration Testing with Spock Mocks。
The quick and dirty is this
又快又脏的是这个
@SpringBootTest
class MyIntegrationTest extends Specification {
@Autowired ExternalRankingService externalRankingServiceMock
def "GetRank"() {
when:
classUnderTest.getRankFor('Bob')
then:
1 * externalRankingServiceMock.fetchRank('Bob') >> 5
}
@TestConfiguration
static class Config {
private DetachedMockFactory factory = new DetachedMockFactory()
@Bean
ExternalRankingService externalRankingService() {
factory.Mock(ExternalRankingService)
}
}
}
UPDATEThere is a PRto get more native support in Spock for injecting Spock Mocks into the Spring context for integration testing. The new @SpringBeanand @SpringSpywould be like the @MockBeanand @SpyBeanannotations
更新有一个 PR可以在 Spock 中获得更多原生支持，用于将 Spock Mocks 注入 Spring 上下文以进行集成测试。新的@SpringBeanand@SpringSpy会像@MockBeanand@SpyBean注释
UPDATESpock 1.2 should now include these changes. Until the documentation is updated, here is a preview of the Spock 1.2 Annotations for Spring Integration Testing.
更新Spock 1.2 现在应该包括这些更改。在文档更新之前，这里是Spock 1.2 Annotations for Spring Integration Testing的预览。
回答by Marcin Szymczak
Here is a setup which starts up boot applicaiton and then runs spock tests:
这是一个启动引导应用程序然后运行 spock 测试的设置：
class HelloControllerSpec extends Specification {
@Shared
@AutoCleanup
ConfigurableApplicationContext context
void setupSpec() {
Future future = Executors
.newSingleThreadExecutor().submit(
new Callable() {
@Override
public ConfigurableApplicationContext call() throws Exception {
return (ConfigurableApplicationContext) SpringApplication
.run(Application.class)
}
})
context = future.get(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
}
void "should return pong from /ping"() {
when:
ResponseEntity entity = new RestTemplate().getForEntity("http://localhost:8080/ping", String.class)
then:
entity.statusCode == HttpStatus.OK
entity.body == 'pong'
}
}
And remember to add dependencies to spock and groovy inside build.gradle
并且记得在里面添加对 spock 和 groovy 的依赖 build.gradle
dependencies {
// other dependencies
testCompile "org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-all:2.2.0"
testCompile "org.spockframework:spock-core:0.7-groovy-2.0"
}
