与 Boost (Homebrew) Mac c++ 的链接
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Link with Boost (Homebrew) Mac c++
提问by JonMorehouse
Hello I'm trying to link with boost to use the threading library, but can not seem to get it built.
您好，我正在尝试与 boost 链接以使用线程库，但似乎无法构建它。
I installed boost with HomeBrew (mac package installer) and it is in the /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.50.0directory.
我用 HomeBrew（mac 包安装程序）安装了 boost，它在/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.50.0目录中。
My main file is very simple right now...
我的主文件现在非常简单......
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
My make file is like this:
我的make文件是这样的：
CC = g++
BASE_FLAGS = -m32 -wAll
# INCLUDE BASE DIRECTORY AND BOOST DIRECTORY FOR HEADERS
LDFLAGS = -I/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.50.0/include -I/opt/local/include
# INCLUDE BASE DIRECTORY AND BOOST DIRECTORY FOR LIB FILES
LLIBFLAGS = -L/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.50.0/
# SPECIFIY LINK OPTIONS
LINKFLAGS = -l boost_thread-mt -lboost_system
# FINAL FLAGS -- TO BE USED THROUGHOUT
FLAGS = $(BASE_FLAGS) $(LLIBFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(LINKFLAGS)
# NOTE FOR BOOST -- YOU ONLY NEED TO INCLUDE THE PATH BECAUSE IT ONLY INSTALLS HEADER FILES
main: main.cpp
$(CC) $(FLAGS) -o main.out main.cpp
And when I run this, I get a library not found for boost_system. If i take out the boost_system, then I get an error that looks like this:
当我运行它时，我得到了一个找不到 boost_system 的库。如果我取出 boost_system，则会收到如下所示的错误：
ld: warning: ignoring file /usr/local/lib/libboost_thread-mt.dylib, file was built for unsupported file format ( 0xcf 0xfa 0xed 0xfe 0x 7 0x 0 0x 0 0x 1 0x 3 0x 0 0x 0 0x 0 0x 6 0x 0 0x 0 0x 0 ) which is not the architecture being linked (i386): /usr/local/lib/libboost_thread-mt.dylib
Undefined symbols for architecture i386:
"boost::system::system_category()", referenced from:
__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)in ccKwJWzr.o
"boost::system::generic_category()", referenced from:
__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)in ccKwJWzr.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture i386
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [main] Error 1
回答by teopeurt
IF you have just used brew install boostwith no options, this builds a 64-bit binary - both static and dynamic.
如果您刚刚使用brew install boost没有选项，这将构建一个 64 位二进制文件 - 静态和动态。
Your main culprit from the code above is the use of -m32option, remove this and you should be okay. This means you are trying to link a 32-bit build against a 64-bit library.
上面代码的罪魁祸首是使用-m32选项，删除它，你应该没问题。这意味着您正在尝试将 32 位构建链接到 64 位库。
The Boost libraries are symbolic linked to the actual binaries and headers in /usr/local/Cellar/- (/usr/local/liband /usr/local/include). Your PATH should include these, so no need to specify these in your makefile.
Boost 库通过符号链接到/usr/local/Cellar/- (/usr/local/lib和/usr/local/include) 中的实际二进制文件和头文件。你的 PATH 应该包括这些，所以不需要在你的 makefile 中指定这些。
Note that brew (by extension gcc) generally builds 64-bit binaries by default, which from your error output the Boost libraries have been built on. (you can check which architecture a library is by using these tools otool, fileor lipo)
请注意，brew（通过扩展 gcc）通常默认构建 64 位二进制文件，从您的错误输出中，Boost 库已构建在其上。（您可以使用这些工具检查库的架构otool，file或者lipo）
回答by orzechow
As indicated by Jesse Good you have a problem with the -mt suffix. For all running again into this (even on Windows):
正如 Jesse Good 所指出的，-mt 后缀有问题。对于再次遇到此问题的所有人（即使在 Windows 上）：
It turns out that the -mt suffix (standing for multi-thread support) isn't used in Linux boost installations, but on Mac and others. Boost on Linux is still multi-thread supported, it's just a naming convention. See also https://stackoverflow.com/a/2310892for this.
事实证明，-mt 后缀（代表多线程支持）不用于 Linux boost 安装，而是用于 Mac 和其他安装。Linux 上的 Boost 仍然支持多线程，这只是一个命名约定。另请参阅https://stackoverflow.com/a/2310892。
That's why you have to add the -mt suffix to all your boost libs in the link options on Mac and Windows, but not on Linux. If you are using CMake with Linux co-developers (like I do) you can modify CMakeLists.txt like this:
这就是为什么您必须在 Mac 和 Windows 上的链接选项中为所有 boost 库添加 -mt 后缀，而在 Linux 上则不需要。如果您正在与 Linux 合作开发人员一起使用 CMake（就像我一样），您可以像这样修改 CMakeLists.txt：
if(APPLE OR WIN32)
target_link_libraries([other libs..] boost_thread-mt boost_system-mt)
else()
target_link_libraries([other libs..] boost_thread boost_system)
endif()
