我需要生成一个介于1和n之间的随机整数(其中n是一个正整数)以用于单元测试。我不需要太复杂的东西来确保真正的随机性，而只是一个老式的随机数。

我该怎么办？

解决方案

回答

要获得介于1到N(含)之间的随机整数值，可以使用以下命令。

CInt(Math.Ceiling(Rnd() * n)) + 1

回答

Public Function RandomNumber(ByVal n As Integer) As Integer
    'initialize random number generator
    Dim r As New Random(System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond)
    Return r.Next(1, n)
End Function

回答

使用System.Random：

Dim MyMin As Integer = 1, MyMax As Integer = 5, My1stRandomNumber As Integer, My2ndRandomNumber As Integer

' Create a random number generator
Dim Generator As System.Random = New System.Random()

' Get a random number >= MyMin and <= MyMax
My1stRandomNumber = Generator.Next(MyMin, MyMax + 1) ' Note: Next function returns numbers _less than_ max, so pass in max + 1 to include max as a possible value

' Get another random number (don't create a new generator, use the same one)
My2ndRandomNumber = Generator.Next(MyMin, MyMax + 1)

回答

正如已经多次指出的那样，编写这样的代码的建议是有问题的：

Public Function GetRandom(ByVal Min As Integer, ByVal Max As Integer) As Integer
    Dim Generator As System.Random = New System.Random()
    Return Generator.Next(Min, Max)
End Function

原因是Random类的构造函数提供了基于系统时钟的默认种子。在大多数系统上，这具有有限的粒度-大约20毫秒左右。因此，如果我们编写以下代码，则将连续获得相同的数字：

Dim randoms(1000) As Integer
For i As Integer = 0 to randoms.Length - 1
    randoms(i) = GetRandom(1, 100)
Next

以下代码解决了此问题：

Public Function GetRandom(ByVal Min As Integer, ByVal Max As Integer) As Integer
    ' by making Generator static, we preserve the same instance '
    ' (i.e., do not create new instances with the same seed over and over) '
    ' between calls '
    Static Generator As System.Random = New System.Random()
    Return Generator.Next(Min, Max)
End Function

我使用这两种方法将一个简单的程序组合在一起，以生成25个1到100之间的随机整数。这是输出：

Non-static: 70 Static: 70
Non-static: 70 Static: 46
Non-static: 70 Static: 58
Non-static: 70 Static: 19
Non-static: 70 Static: 79
Non-static: 70 Static: 24
Non-static: 70 Static: 14
Non-static: 70 Static: 46
Non-static: 70 Static: 82
Non-static: 70 Static: 31
Non-static: 70 Static: 25
Non-static: 70 Static: 8
Non-static: 70 Static: 76
Non-static: 70 Static: 74
Non-static: 70 Static: 84
Non-static: 70 Static: 39
Non-static: 70 Static: 30
Non-static: 70 Static: 55
Non-static: 70 Static: 49
Non-static: 70 Static: 21
Non-static: 70 Static: 99
Non-static: 70 Static: 15
Non-static: 70 Static: 83
Non-static: 70 Static: 26
Non-static: 70 Static: 16
Non-static: 70 Static: 75