Python 如何在 matplotlib 中获得多个子图？
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How do I get multiple subplots in matplotlib?
提问by bugsyb
I am a little confused about how this code works:
我对这段代码的工作方式有点困惑：
fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
plt.show()
How does the fig, axes work in this case? What does it do?
在这种情况下，无花果轴如何工作？它有什么作用？
Also why wouldn't this work to do the same thing:
还有为什么这不能做同样的事情：
fig = plt.figure()
axes = fig.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
采纳答案by Diziet Asahi
There are several ways to do it. The subplotsmethod creates the figure along with the subplots that are then stored in the axarray. For example:
有几种方法可以做到。该subplots方法创建图形以及随后存储在ax数组中的子图。例如：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = range(10)
y = range(10)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
for row in ax:
for col in row:
col.plot(x, y)
plt.show()
However, something like this will also work, it's not so "clean" though since you are creating a figure with subplots and then add on top of them:
但是，这样的事情也可以工作，但它并不是那么“干净”，因为您正在创建一个带有子图的图形，然后在它们之上添加：
fig = plt.figure()
plt.subplot(2, 2, 1)
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.subplot(2, 2, 2)
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.subplot(2, 2, 3)
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.subplot(2, 2, 4)
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()
回答by Diziet Asahi
read the documentation: matplotlib.pyplot.subplots
阅读文档：matplotlib.pyplot.subplots
pyplot.subplots()returns a tuple fig, axwhich is unpacked in two variables using the notation
pyplot.subplots()返回一个元组fig, ax，该元组使用符号解包为两个变量
fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
the code
编码
fig = plt.figure()
axes = fig.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
does not work because subplots()is a function in pyplotnot a member of the object Figure.
不起作用，因为subplots()它pyplot不是对象的成员中的函数Figure。
回答by ImportanceOfBeingErnest
You might be interested in the fact that as of matplotlib version 2.1 the second code from the question works fine as well.
您可能对这样一个事实感兴趣，即从 matplotlib 2.1 版开始，问题中的第二个代码也能正常工作。
From the change log:
从更改日志：
Figure class now has subplots method The Figure class now has a subplots() method which behaves the same as pyplot.subplots() but on an existing figure.
Figure 类现在有 subplots 方法 Figure 类现在有一个 subplots() 方法，其行为与 pyplot.subplots() 相同，但在现有图形上。
Example:
例子：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
axes = fig.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
plt.show()
回答by Khalil Al Hooti
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig, ax = plt.subplots(2, 2)
ax[0, 0].plot(range(10), 'r') #row=0, col=0
ax[1, 0].plot(range(10), 'b') #row=1, col=0
ax[0, 1].plot(range(10), 'g') #row=0, col=1
ax[1, 1].plot(range(10), 'k') #row=1, col=1
plt.show()
回答by Colin Anthony
You can also unpack the axes in the subplots call
And set whether you want to share the x and y axes between the subplots
您还可以在 subplots 调用中解压轴
并设置是否要在子图之间共享 x 和 y 轴
Like this:
像这样：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2, sharex=True, sharey=True)
ax1.plot(range(10), 'r')
ax2.plot(range(10), 'b')
ax3.plot(range(10), 'g')
ax4.plot(range(10), 'k')
plt.show()
