Python 获取 Flask 应用程序的根路径
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Get root path of Flask application
提问by thyrel
I'm working on a Flask extension from which I want to create a directory in the project's root path on the file system.
我正在开发一个 Flask 扩展，我想从中创建一个目录，在文件系统的项目根路径中。
Suppose we have this directory structure
假设我们有这个目录结构
/project
/app
/tests
/my_folder
manage.py
my_folder should be created dynamically by the extension, which is a test utility and wraps the application under test in the /tests directory. However, I'm struggling to determine the project's root path within my extension.
my_folder 应该由扩展程序动态创建，它是一个测试实用程序，将被测应用程序包装在 /tests 目录中。但是，我正在努力确定我的扩展中项目的根路径。
For now, I am trying to guess the path from the run file:
现在，我试图从运行文件中猜测路径：
def root_path(self):
# Infer the root path from the run file in the project root (e.g. manage.py)
fn = getattr(sys.modules['__main__'], '__file__')
root_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(fn))
return root_path
This obviously breaks as soon as the tests are run from within the IDE instead of the manage.py. I could simply infer the project's root relative to the app or tests directory, but I don't want to make any assumptions regarding the name or structure of these directories (since multiple apps might be hosted as subpackages in a single package).
一旦测试从 IDE 而不是 manage.py 中运行，这显然会中断。我可以简单地推断项目相对于应用程序或测试目录的根目录，但我不想对这些目录的名称或结构做出任何假设（因为多个应用程序可能作为单个包中的子包托管）。
I was wondering if there is a best practice for this type of problem or an undocumented method which the Flask object provides (such as get_root_path).
我想知道是否有针对此类问题的最佳实践或 Flask 对象提供的未记录方法（例如 get_root_path）。
回答by davidism
app.root_pathcontains the root path for the application. This is determinedbased on the name passed to Flask. Typically, you should use the instance path(app.instance_path) not the root path, as the instance path will not be within the package code.
app.root_path包含应用程序的根路径。这是根据传递给 的名称确定的Flask。通常，您应该使用实例路径( app.instance_path) 而不是根路径，因为实例路径不会在包代码中。
filename = os.path.join(app.instance_path, 'my_folder', 'my_file.txt')
回答by Chanpreet Chhabra
app.root_pathis the absolute path to the root directory containing your app code.
app.root_path是包含您的应用程序代码的根目录的绝对路径。
app.instance_pathis the absolute path to the instance folder. os.path.dirname(app.instance_path)is the directory above the instance folder. During development, this is next to or the same as the root path, depending on your project layout.
app.instance_path是实例文件夹的绝对路径。os.path.dirname(app.instance_path)是实例文件夹上方的目录。在开发期间，这与根路径相邻或相同，具体取决于您的项目布局。
