bash 如何在其他脚本中使用 .bashrc 中定义的别名？
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How to use aliases defined in .bashrc in other scripts?
提问by Dutor
In ~/.bashrc, I defined some aliases. But I cannot use them in other shell scripts, where I can only use aliases defined right there. Even though I sourced bashrc, it still did not work. What should I do?
在 ~/.bashrc 中，我定义了一些别名。但是我不能在其他 shell 脚本中使用它们，在那里我只能使用在那里定义的别名。即使我使用了 bashrc，它仍然无法正常工作。我该怎么办？
PS. I'm in bash.
附注。我在狂欢。
采纳答案by Paused until further notice.
You need to do shopt -s expand_aliasesin the script in addition to sourcing ~/.bashrc.
shopt -s expand_aliases除了采购外，您还需要在脚本中做~/.bashrc。
回答by squirtleBoy
I had this problem and I reloaded the file with this command to fix it.
我遇到了这个问题，我用这个命令重新加载了文件来修复它。
$ source ~/.bashrc
回答by Trenton
Stolen from enzotibon ask ubuntu: Alias are deprecated in favor of shell functions. From bashmanual page:
在询问 ubuntu 时从enzotib 窃取：别名已被弃用，以支持 shell 函数。从bash手册页：
For almost every purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.
对于几乎所有目的，别名都被 shell 函数取代。
To create a function, and export it to subshells, put the following in your ~/.bashrc:
要创建一个函数并将其导出到子shell，请将以下内容放入您的~/.bashrc：
petsc() {
~/petsc-3.2-p6/petsc-arch/bin/mpiexec "$@"
}
export -f petsc
Then you can freely call your command from your scripts.
然后您可以从脚本中自由调用您的命令。
回答by AKS
The simplest answer is to do the 2 important things or it wont' work.
最简单的答案是做两件重要的事情，否则就行不通。
#!/bin/bash -i
# Expand aliases defined in the shell ~/.bashrc
shopt -s expand_aliases
After this, your aliases that you have defined in ~/.bashrc they will be available in your shell script (giga.sh or any.sh) and to any function or child shell within such script.
在此之后，您在 ~/.bashrc 中定义的别名将在您的 shell 脚本（giga.sh 或 any.sh）以及此类脚本中的任何函数或子 shell 中可用。
If you don't do that, you'll get an error:
如果你不这样做，你会得到一个错误：
your_cool_alias: command not found
回答by chepner
.bashrcis meant for one purpose: to configure the environment for your interactive shells. If you have code that you want shared between your .bashrcand other scripts, then it belongs in a separate file that is sourced by eachof your .bashrcand shell script.
.bashrc仅用于一个目的：为交互式 shell 配置环境。如果您希望在您的.bashrc脚本和其他脚本之间共享代码，那么它属于一个单独的文件，该文件由您的每个.bashrc脚本和 shell 脚本提供。
回答by DKroot
There is a way of doing it globally without adding lines to each script you execute: by using the BASH_ENVvariable.
有一种方法可以全局执行此操作，而无需向您执行的每个脚本添加行：通过使用BASH_ENV变量。
Here is my setup for OS X 10.8.5:
这是我对 OS X 10.8.5 的设置：
/etc/launchd.conf:
/etc/launchd.conf：
setenv BASH_ENV /Users/DK/.env
~/.bash_profile:
~/.bash_profile:
# == Bash setup for interactive shells ==
# === Environment for all shells ===
. $BASH_ENV
# [skipped]
~/.env:
~/.env:
# == Setup for all shells ==
# This is executed for all interactive and for non-interactive shells (e.g. scripts)
shopt -s expand_aliases extglob xpg_echo
# [skipped] Misc. variables and PATH setup
# === General aliases ===
alias pause='echo "Press [Return] or [Enter] to continue..."; read' # read -p does not display prompt in Eclipse console
# [skipped]
