java 如何替换java字符串中的字符？
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How to replace characters in a java String?
提问by ManBugra
I like to replace a certain set of characters of a string with a corresponding replacement character in an efficent way.
我喜欢以有效的方式用相应的替换字符替换字符串的特定字符集。
For example:
例如：
String sourceCharacters = "??????????";
String targetCharacters = "sdccSDCCzZ";
String result = replaceChars("Gra?i??e", sourceCharacters , targetCharacters );
Assert.equals(result,"Gracisce") == true;
Is there are more efficient way than to use the replaceAllmethod of the String class?
有没有比使用replaceAllString 类的方法更有效的方法？
My first idea was:
我的第一个想法是：
final String s = "Gra?i??e";
String sourceCharacters = "??????????";
String targetCharacters = "sdccSDCCzZ";
// preparation
final char[] sourceString = s.toCharArray();
final char result[] = new char[sourceString.length];
final char[] targetCharactersArray = targetCharacters.toCharArray();
// main work
for(int i=0,l=sourceString.length;i<l;++i)
{
final int pos = sourceCharacters.indexOf(sourceString[i]);
result[i] = pos!=-1 ? targetCharactersArray[pos] : sourceString[i];
}
// result
String resultString = new String(result);
Any ideas?
有任何想法吗？
Btw, the UTF-8 characters are causing the trouble, with US_ASCII it works fine.
顺便说一句，UTF-8 字符导致了问题，使用 US_ASCII 可以正常工作。
回答by BalusC
You can make use of java.text.Normalizerand a shot of regex to get rid of the diacriticsof which there exist muchmore than you have collected as far.
您可以使用java.text.Normalizer正则表达式来消除变音符号，这些变音符号的数量远远超过您目前收集的数量。
Here's an SSCCE, copy'n'paste'n'run it on Java 6:
这是一个SSCCE，在 Java 6 上复制'n'paste'n'run它：
package com.stackoverflow.q2653739;
import java.text.Normalizer;
import java.text.Normalizer.Form;
public class Test {
public static void main(String... args) {
System.out.println(removeDiacriticalMarks("Gra?i??e"));
}
public static String removeDiacriticalMarks(String string) {
return Normalizer.normalize(string, Form.NFD)
.replaceAll("\p{InCombiningDiacriticalMarks}+", "");
}
}
This should yield
这应该产生
Gracisce
At least, it does here at Eclipse with console character encoding set to UTF-8 (Window > Preferences > General > Workspace > Text File Encoding). Ensure that the same is set in your environment as well.
至少，它在 Eclipse 中使用控制台字符编码设置为 UTF-8（Window > Preferences > General > Workspace > Text File Encoding）。确保在您的环境中也设置了相同的设置。
As an alternative, maintain a Map<Character, Character>:
作为替代方案，维护一个Map<Character, Character>：
Map<Character, Character> charReplacementMap = new HashMap<Character, Character>();
charReplacementMap.put('?', 's');
charReplacementMap.put('?', 'd');
// Put more here.
String originalString = "Gra?i??e";
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (char currentChar : originalString.toCharArray()) {
Character replacementChar = charReplacementMap.get(currentChar);
builder.append(replacementChar != null ? replacementChar : currentChar);
}
String newString = builder.toString();
回答by Donal Fellows
I'd use the replacemethod in a simple loop.
我会replace在一个简单的循环中使用该方法。
String sourceCharacters = "??????????";
String targetCharacters = "sdccSDCCzZ";
String s = "Gra?i??e";
for (int i=0 ; i<sourceCharacters.length() ; i++)
s = s.replace(sourceCharacters.charAt[i], targetCharacters.charAt[i]);
System.out.println(s);
