ios 更改 NSAttributedString 中子字符串的属性

Change attributes of substrings in a NSAttributedString

提问by mjay

This question may be a duplicate of this one. But the answers don't work for me and I want to be more specific.

这个问题可能是重复的这一个。但答案对我不起作用，我想更具体。

I have a NSString, but I need a NS(Mutable)AttributedStringand some of the words in this string should be given a different color. I tried this:

我有一个NSString，但我需要一个NS(Mutable)AttributedString并且这个字符串中的一些单词应该被赋予不同的颜色。我试过这个：

NSString *text = @"This is the text and i want to replace something";

NSDictionary *attributes = @ {NSForegroundColorAttributeName : [UIColor redColor]};
NSMutableAttributedString *subString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"AND" attributes:attributes];

NSMutableAttributedString *newText = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text];

newText = [[newText mutableString] stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"and" withString:[subString mutableString]];

The "and" should be uppercase an red.

“and”应该是大写的红色。

The documentation says that mutableString keeps the attribute mappings. But with my replacing-thing, I have no more attributedString on the right side of the assignment (in the last line of my code-snippet).

文档说 mutableString 保留属性映射。但是随着我的替换，我在分配的右侧（在我的代码片段的最后一行）没有更多的属性字符串。

How can I get what I want? ;)

我怎样才能得到我想要的？;)

回答by Mick MacCallum

@Hyperlord's answer will work, but only if there is one occurence of the word "and" in the input string. Anyway, what I would do is use NSString's stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:initially to change every "and" to an "AND", then use a little regex to detect matches in attributed string, and apply NSForegroundColorAttributeNameat that range. Here's an example:

@Hyperlord 的答案将有效，但前提是输入字符串中出现了一个单词“and”。无论如何，我会做的是stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:最初使用 NSString将每个“和”更改为“与”，然后使用一点正则表达式来检测属性字符串中的匹配项，并NSForegroundColorAttributeName在该范围内应用。下面是一个例子：

NSString *initial = @"This is the text and i want to replace something and stuff and stuff";
NSString *text = [initial stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"and" withString:@"AND"];

NSMutableAttributedString *mutableAttributedString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text];

NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:@"(AND)" options:kNilOptions error:nil];


NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0,text.length);

[regex enumerateMatchesInString:text options:kNilOptions range:range usingBlock:^(NSTextCheckingResult *result, NSMatchingFlags flags, BOOL *stop) {

    NSRange subStringRange = [result rangeAtIndex:1];
    [mutableAttributedString addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor redColor] range:subStringRange];
}];

And finally, just apply the attributed string to your label.

最后，只需将属性字符串应用于您的标签。

[myLabel setAttributedText:mutableAttributedString];

回答by hyperlord

I think you should create a NSMutableAttributedStringusing the existing NSStringand then add the style attributes with the appropriate NSRangein order to colorize the parts you want to emphasize for example:

我认为您应该NSMutableAttributedString使用现有创建一个NSString，然后添加适当的样式属性，NSRange以便为您想要强调的部分着色，例如：

NSString *text = @"This is the text and i want to replace something";
NSMutableAttributedString *mutable = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text];
[mutable addAttribute: NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor redColor] range:[text rangeOfString:@"and"]];

Be aware: this is just from my head and not tested at all ;-)

请注意：这只是我的想法，根本没有经过测试;-)

回答by Masa S-AiYa

Please try this code in Swift 2

请在 Swift 2 中尝试此代码

var someStr = "This is the text and i want to replace something"
    someStr.replaceRange(someStr.rangeOfString("and")!, with: "AND")

    let attributeStr = NSMutableAttributedString(string: someStr)
    attributeStr.setAttributes([NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.yellowColor()], range: NSMakeRange(17, 3) )
    testLbl.attributedText = attributeStr

回答by ocwang

Here's another implementation (in Swift) that's helpful if you're doing some more complex manipulations (such as adding/deleting characters) with your attributed string:

这是另一个实现（在 Swift 中），如果您对属性字符串进行一些更复杂的操作（例如添加/删除字符），它会很有帮助：

let text = "This is the text and i want to replace something"
let mutAttrStr = NSMutableAttributedString(string: text)

let pattern = "\band\b"
let regex = NSRegularExpression(pattern: pattern, options: .allZeros, error: nil)

while let result = regex!.firstMatchInString(mutAttrStr.string, options: .allZeros, range:NSMakeRange(0, count(mutAttrStr.string)) {
    let substring = NSMutableAttributedString(attributedString: mutAttrStr.attributedSubstringFromRange(result.range))

    // manipulate substring attributes here
    substring.addAttribute(NSForegroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.redColor(), range NSMakeRange(0, count(substring.string))

    mutAttrStr.replaceCharactersInRange(result.range, withAttributedString: substring)
}

Your final attributed string should be:

您的最终属性字符串应该是：

let finalAttrStr = mutAttrStr.copy() as! NSAttributedString