bash 强制“日期”使用机器默认值以外的语言环境
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Forcing "date" to use a locale other than the machine default
提问by John Doucette
Is there a way to force the *nix command "date" to output in a specific format independent of the local? For example, if I call "date -u" today, on a US machine I get:
有没有办法强制 *nix 命令“date”以独立于本地的特定格式输出？例如，如果我今天调用“date -u”，在美国机器上我得到：
Mon Oct 15 13:15:29 UTC 2012
but on a German machine I get:
但在德国机器上我得到：
Mo 15. Okt 13:15:31 UTC 2012
回答by January
Sure, you can always specify the format yourself:
当然，您始终可以自己指定格式：
date +%a, %b %d
or you can use a temporary environmental variable:
或者您可以使用临时环境变量：
:~$ LC_ALL=de_DE.utf8 date
Mo 15. Okt 15:34:11 CEST 2012
:~$ date
Mon Oct 15 15:33:24 CEST 2012
As you see, only the first command is run with the German locale.
如您所见，只有第一个命令使用德语语言环境运行。
回答by chepner
You can modify the environment dateruns in. I don't know if this is the best way (the variables used in locale handling are numerous), but the following works:
可以修改date运行中的环境。不知道这是否是最好的方法（语言环境处理中使用的变量很多），但以下方法有效：
$ LANG=de_DE date
Mo 15 Okt 2012 09:34:12 EDT
(January beat me to this answer by a minute or so, but I'll leave my answer up in the hopes that some will clarify which variable (LC_ALL, LANG, other) is most "appropriate".)
（一月打我这个答案用一分钟左右的时间，但我会离开我的答案了，希望会有一些会澄清变量（LC_ALL，LANG，等）是最“合适”。）
回答by USD Matt
Have you tried the following? (which I got from the date manual pages)
您是否尝试过以下方法？（我从日期手册页中得到的）
# date -u +"%a %b %d %T %Z %Y"
回答by Serge Stroobandt
First, make sure that the language package of the target locale is installed. On Debian-derived GNU/Linux distributions, Dutch language support is installed as follows:
首先，确保安装了目标语言环境的语言包。在 Debian 派生的 GNU/Linux 发行版上，荷兰语支持的安装方式如下：
$ sudo apt-get install language-pack-nl
This command will automatically also install language-pack-nl-base.
Here is what I get by specifying LC_TIME. This is more specific than using LC_ALL. (Specifying LANGdoes not work on Xubuntu LTS.)
此命令也将自动安装language-pack-nl-base. 这是我通过指定得到的LC_TIME。这比使用更具体LC_ALL。（指定LANG在 Xubuntu LTS 上不起作用。）
$ date '+%A %e %B %Y'
Friday 16 October 2015
$ LC_TIME='nl_BE.UTF-8' date '+%A %e %B %Y'
vrijdag 16 oktober 2015
回答by Weber K.
UTC:
世界标准时间：
date -u -R
Local:
当地的：
date -R
回答by elig
First, uncomment your desired locale(s) lines in /etc/locale.genthen run locale-gen(both as root).
Make sure your terminal supports the required encoding so the characters will get shown.
首先，取消注释所需的语言环境行，/etc/locale.gen然后运行locale-gen（均以 root 身份运行）。确保您的终端支持所需的编码，以便显示字符。
You can then specify a "temporary" locale for the run-time of one command like this:
然后，您可以为一个命令的运行时指定一个“临时”语言环境，如下所示：
LC_ALL="de_DE.UTF-8" date
回答by qin
LC_TIMEis enough, you can use this.
LC_TIME够了，你可以用这个。
LC_TIME="de_DE.UTF-8" date
