git-checkout 以新名称对文件的旧版本
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git-checkout older revision of a file under a new name
提问by neoneye
I have the file "main.cpp" open in my editor.
我main.cpp在我的编辑器中打开了文件“ ”。
I want to see the previous revision of "main.cpp" in the editor too.
我也想main.cpp在编辑器中看到“ ”的先前修订版。
The way I do it now is like this.
我现在的做法是这样的。
close "main.cpp" in the editor
prompt> mv main.cpp tmp
prompt> git checkout HEAD^ main.cpp
prompt> mv main.cpp old_main.cpp
prompt> mv tmp main.cpp
prompt>
open "main.cpp" and "old_main.cpp" in the editor
Can it be simplified, so I don't have to close "main.cpp" in the editor?
是否可以简化，这样我就不必在编辑器中关闭“main.cpp”？
What I'm hoping for is a variant of git-checkoutthat can do this.
我希望的是git-checkout可以做到这一点的变体。
UPDATE: im using git on mac osx 10.5.7
更新：我在 mac osx 10.5.7 上使用 git
prompt> git --version
git version 1.6.0.4
prompt>
UPDATE2: Jakub Nar?bski answer is:
更新 2：Jakub Nar?bski 的回答是：
prompt> git show HEAD^:dir1/dir2/dir3/main.cpp > old_main.cpp
prompt>
UPDATE3: Karmi's answer, for a specific revision:
UPDATE3：Karmi 的回答，针对特定修订：
prompt> git show 4c274dd91dc:higgs/Higgs.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj > old_project.pbxproj
prompt>
回答by Jakub Nar?bski
You can use "git show" for that:
您可以使用“git show”：
prompt> git show HEAD^:main.cpp > old_main.cpp
(Note that there is colon [:] character between HEAD^and main.cpp.) The <revision>:<path>syntax is described in git rev-parsemanpage, next to last point in the "Specifying revisions" section:
（请注意，和:之间有冒号 [ ] 字符。）git rev-parse联机帮助页中描述了语法，在“指定修订版”部分的最后一点旁边：HEAD^main.cpp<revision>:<path>
- <rev>:<path>, e.g. HEAD:README, :README, master:./README
A suffix
:followed by a path names the blob or tree at the given path in the tree-ish object named by the part before the colon.:path(with an empty part before the colon) is a special case of the syntax described next: content recorded in the index at the given path.A path starting with
./or../is relative to the current working directory. The given path will be converted to be relative to the working tree's root directory. This is most useful to address a blob or tree from a commit or tree that has the same tree structure as the working tree.
- <rev>:<path>，例如 HEAD:README, :README, master:./README
后缀
:后跟路径在由冒号之前的部分命名的树形对象中的给定路径上命名 blob 或树。:path（冒号前有一个空部分）是下面描述的语法的一个特例：内容记录在给定路径的索引中。以
./或../相对于当前工作目录开头的路径。给定的路径将被转换为相对于工作树的根目录。这对于从与工作树具有相同树结构的提交或树中寻址 blob 或树最有用。
Note that <path>here is FULLpath relative to the top directoryof your project, i.e. the directory with .git/directory. (Or to be more exact to "<revision>" (which in general can be any <tree-ish>, i.e. something that represents tree))
请注意，<path>这里是相对于项目顶级目录的完整路径，即带有目录的目录。（或者更准确地说是“ <revision>”（通常可以是任何<tree-ish>，即代表树的东西））.git/
If you want to use path relative to the current directory, you need to use ./<path>syntax (or ../pathto go up from current directory).
如果要使用相对于当前目录的路径，则需要使用./<path>语法（或../path从当前目录向上）。
Edit 2015-01-15:added information about relative path syntax
编辑 2015-01-15：添加了有关相对路径语法的信息
You can get in most cases the same output using low-level (plumbing) git cat-filecommand:
在大多数情况下，您可以使用低级（管道）git cat-file命令获得相同的输出：
prompt> git cat-file blob HEAD^:main.cpp > old_main.cpp
回答by karmi
Just to add to Jakub's answer: you don't even have to redirect the output to a file with >, if you are only interested in skimming the file contents in the terminal. You can just run $?git show 58a3db6:path/to/your/file.txt.
只是添加到 Jakub 的答案中：>如果您只对浏览终端中的文件内容感兴趣，您甚至不必将输出重定向到带有 的文件。你可以运行$?git show 58a3db6:path/to/your/file.txt。
