Python PyCharm 找不到库

PyCharm cannot find library

提问by Karnivaurus

I am using PyCharm 5 to run a Python 2.7 (Anaconda) script in Ubuntu. My script imports a module with import tensorflow, but this causes the error ImportError: libcudart.so.7.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory. So, it seems that the library libcudart.so.7.0is needed by this module, but it cannot be found.

我正在使用 PyCharm 5 在 Ubuntu 中运行 Python 2.7 (Anaconda) 脚本。我的脚本使用 导入了一个模块import tensorflow，但这会导致错误ImportError: libcudart.so.7.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory。所以，libcudart.so.7.0这个模块好像需要这个库，但是找不到。

Now, I have seen that this library is on my machine in /usr/local/cuda-7.0/targets/x86_64-linux/lib. So, in PyCharm, I went to Settings->Project Interpreters->Interpreter Paths. This had a list of paths, such as /home/karnivaurus/Libraries/Anaconda/python2.7. I then added to this list, the path mentioned above which contains the required library.

现在，我已经看到这个库在我的机器上/usr/local/cuda-7.0/targets/x86_64-linux/lib。所以，在 PyCharm 中，我去了Settings->Project Interpreters->Interpreter Paths. 这有一个路径列表，例如/home/karnivaurus/Libraries/Anaconda/python2.7. 然后我将上面提到的包含所需库的路径添加到此列表中。

However, this did not fix the problem. I still get an error telling me that libcudart.so.7.0cannot be found. If I run my script from the shell though (python myfile.py), then it runs fine.

然而，这并没有解决问题。我仍然收到一个错误，告诉我libcudart.so.7.0无法找到。如果我从 shell 运行我的脚本（python myfile.py），那么它运行良好。

How can I tell PyCharm where to find this library?

我如何告诉 PyCharm 在哪里可以找到这个库？

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I have noticed that if I have print sys.pathin my script, the paths it prints out are entirely different to those in Settings->Project Interpreters->Interpreter Paths... should they be the same?

我注意到，如果print sys.path我的脚本中有，它打印出的路径与Settings->Project Interpreters->Interpreter Paths...中的路径完全不同吗？它们应该相同吗？

采纳答案by ktx

I came across this problem just recently using a remote debugger, however I believe it's still the same solution. I just added the following to the Environment Variables section in the Run/Debug Configuration options found in Run > Edit Configurations... dialog: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

我最近使用远程调试器遇到了这个问题，但我相信它仍然是相同的解决方案。我刚刚在 Run > Edit Configurations... 对话框中找到的 Run/Debug Configuration 选项中的 Environment Variables 部分添加了以下内容：LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

回答by Laizer

The path to your cuda library seems strange to me. I would expect it to be /usr/local/cuda-7.0/lib64or /usr/local/cuda-7.0/lib.

你的 cuda 库的路径对我来说似乎很奇怪。我希望它是/usr/local/cuda-7.0/lib64或/usr/local/cuda-7.0/lib。

Did you follow all of the cuda installationprocedure?

您是否遵循了所有cuda 安装程序？

If you type envon the command line, do you see a path to cuda in your LD_LIBRARY_PATH?

如果您env在命令行上输入，您是否在LD_LIBRARY_PATH?

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Update from comments below:

从下面的评论更新：

The issue is that PyCharm was invoked from the desktop, and wasn't getting the right environment variables. Solution is to either:

问题是 PyCharm 是从桌面调用的，并且没有获得正确的环境变量。解决方案是：

• invoke from the command line,
• create a script to set environment and then invoke, and make a link to that script on the desktop,
• or set environment variables on the desktop item

• 从命令行调用，
• 创建一个脚本来设置环境然后调用，并在桌面上创建一个指向该脚本的链接，
• 或在桌面项上设置环境变量

回答by Seb

Have you selected the right python interpreter in your project's settings? See here.

您是否在项目设置中选择了正确的 Python 解释器？见这里。

I had a similar issue and changing the interpreter solved it without having to create a new icon.

我有一个类似的问题，更改解释器解决了它，而无需创建新图标。

回答by u5272981

Edit your pycharm.desktop, specify the environment variable in exec, like below:

编辑您的pycharm.desktop，在 exec 中指定环境变量，如下所示：

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Pycharm
Exec=env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=:/usr/local/cuda/lib64:/usr/local/cuda/lib64 /home/cwh/software/pycharm-2016.1.4/bin/pycharm.sh
Icon=/home/cwh/software/pycharm-2016.1.4/bin/pycharm.png
Name[zh_CN]=Pycharm

so pycharmwill find cuda

所以pycharm会发现cuda

回答by John

While some of these answers are correct, and could work, I haven't seen what the OP specifically asked for, and that is where to set environments for the python console. This can be accomplished inside pycharm at:

虽然其中一些答案是正确的，并且可以工作，但我还没有看到 OP 的具体要求，那就是为 python 控制台设置环境的地方。这可以在 pycharm 中完成：

File > Settings > Build,Execution,Deployment > Console > Python Console

文件 > 设置 > 构建、执行、部署 > 控制台 > Python 控制台

In the options there, you'll find a place to define Environment Variables. Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH there.

在那里的选项中，您将找到定义环境变量的位置。在那里设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH。

回答by David Soroko

The following works for me on Community edition 2019.3

以下对我有用 Community edition 2019.3

To set globally for a project:

为项目全局设置：

• Open File/Settings/Project/Project Interpreter
• click on the cog icon next to the interpreter
• choose show all
• click on the little folder with tree icon bottom right
• add the path to "Interpreter Paths"

• 打开 File/Settings/Project/Project Interpreter
• 单击解释器旁边的齿轮图标
• 选择显示全部
• 单击右下角带有树形图标的小文件夹
• 将路径添加到“解释器路径”