windows 运行 .bat 文件的命令

Command to run a .bat file

提问by BingBang32

I'm trying to make my Visual Studio build script execute a .bat file that does something important.

我正在尝试让我的 Visual Studio 构建脚本执行一个 .bat 文件，该文件执行一些重要的操作。

Here is what I'm want to do right now:

这是我现在想要做的：

cd "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\" Template.bat

But it doesn't work.

但它不起作用。

I have to do this to make it work:

我必须这样做才能使其工作：

cd "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\"
F:
Template.bat

But this is pretty difficult to add to the Visual Studio script.

但这很难添加到 Visual Studio 脚本中。

How can I do this in one single line?

我怎样才能在一行中做到这一点？

采纳答案by jwgan

Can refer to here: https://ss64.com/nt/start.html

可以参考这里：https: //ss64.com/nt/start.html

start "" /D F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\ /W Template.bat

回答by

"F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\Template.bat"maybe prefaced with call(see call /?). Or Cd /d "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\" & Template.bat.

"F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\Template.bat"可能以call（参见call /?）开头。或者Cd /d "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\" & Template.bat。

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CMD Cheat Sheet

CMD备忘单

• Cmd.exe

• Getting Help

• Punctuation

• Naming Files

• Starting Programs

• Keys

• 命令行工具

• 获得帮助

• 标点

• 命名文件

• 启动程序

• 钥匙

CMD.exe

命令行工具

First thing to remember its a way of operating a computer. It's the way we did it before WIMP (Windows, Icons, Mouse, Popup menus) became common. It owes it roots to CPM, VMS, and Unix. It was used to start programs and copy and delete files. Also you could change the time and date.

首先要记住它是一种操作计算机的方式。在 WIMP（Windows、图标、鼠标、弹出菜单）变得普遍之前，我们就是这样做的。它源于 CPM、VMS 和 Unix。它用于启动程序以及复制和删除文件。您也可以更改时间和日期。

For help on starting CMD type cmd /?. You must start it with either the /kor /cswitch unless you just want to type in it.

有关启动 CMD 类型的帮助cmd /?。您必须使用/k或/c开关启动它，除非您只想输入它。

Getting Help

获得帮助

For general help. Type Helpin the command prompt. For each command listed type help <command>(eg help dir) or <command> /?(eg dir /?).

对于一般帮助。键入Help在命令提示。对于列出的每个命令类型help <command>（例如help dir）或<command> /?（例如dir /?）。

Some commands have sub commands. For example schtasks /create /?.

有些命令有子命令。例如 schtasks /create /?。

The NETcommand's help is unusual. Typing net use /?is brief help. Type net help usefor full help. The same applies at the root - net /?is also brief help, use net help.

该NET命令的帮助是不寻常的。打字net use /?是简短的帮助。键入net help use以获得完整帮助。这同样适用于根 -net /?也是简短的帮助，使用net help.

References in Help to new behaviour are describing changes from CMD in OS/2 and Windows NT4 to the current CMD which is in Windows 2000 and later.

帮助中对新行为的引用描述了从 OS/2 和 Windows NT4 中的 CMD 到 Windows 2000 和更高版本中的当前 CMD 的更改。

WMICis a multipurpose command. Type wmic /?.

WMIC是一个多用途命令。键入wmic /?。

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Punctuation

标点

&    seperates commands on a line.

&&    executes this command only if previous command's errorlevel is 0.

||    (not used above) executes this command only if previous command's 
errorlevel is NOT 0

>    output to a file

>>    append output to a file

<    input from a file

2> Redirects command error output to the file specified. (0 is StdInput, 1 is StdOutput, and 2 is StdError)

2>&1 Redirects command error output to the same location as command output. 

|    output of one command into the input of another command

^    escapes any of the above, including itself, if needed to be passed 
to a program

"    parameters with spaces must be enclosed in quotes

+ used with copy to concatenate files. E.G. copy file1+file2 newfile

, used with copy to indicate missing parameters. This updates the files 
modified date. E.G. copy /b file1,,

%variablename% a inbuilt or user set environmental variable

!variablename! a user set environmental variable expanded at execution 
time, turned with SelLocal EnableDelayedExpansion command

%<number> (%1) the nth command line parameter passed to a batch file. %0 
is the batchfile's name.

%* (%*) the entire command line.

%CMDCMDLINE% - expands to the original command line that invoked the
Command Processor (from set /?).

%<a letter> or %%<a letter> (%A or %%A) the variable in a for loop. 
Single % sign at command prompt and double % sign in a batch file.

\ (\servername\sharename\folder\file.ext) access files and folders via UNC naming.

: (win.ini:streamname) accesses an alternative steam. Also separates drive from rest of path.

. (win.ini) the LAST dot in a file path separates the name from extension

. (dir .\*.txt) the current directory

.. (cd ..) the parent directory


\?\ (\?\c:\windows\win.ini) When a file path is prefixed with \?\ filename checks are turned off. 

Naming Files

命名文件

< > : " / \ | Reserved characters. May not be used in filenames.



Reserved names. These refer to devices eg, 

copy filename con 

which copies a file to the console window.

CON, PRN, AUX, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, 

COM5, COM6, COM7, COM8, COM9, LPT1, LPT2, 

LPT3, LPT4, LPT5, LPT6, LPT7, LPT8, and LPT9

CONIN$, CONOUT$, CONERR$

--------------------------------

Maximum path length              260 characters
Maximum path length (\?\)      32,767 characters (approx - some rare characters use 2 characters of storage)
Maximum filename length        255 characters

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Starting a Program

启动程序

See start /?and call /?for help on all three ways.

请参阅start /?并call /?获取有关所有三种方式的帮助。

There are two types of Windows programs - console or non console (these are called GUI even if they don't have one). Console programs attach to the current console or Windows creates a new console. GUI programs have to explicitly create their own windows.

有两种类型的 Windows 程序 - 控制台程序或非控制台程序（即使它们没有，也称为 GUI）。控制台程序附加到当前控制台或 Windows 创建一个新控制台。GUI 程序必须显式地创建它们自己的窗口。

If a full path isn't given then Windows looks in

如果未给出完整路径，则 Windows 会查找

1. The directory from which the application loaded.

2. The current directory for the parent process.

3. Windows NT/2000/XP: The 32-bit Windows system directory. Use the GetSystemDirectory function to get the path of this directory. The name of this directory is System32.

4. Windows NT/2000/XP: The 16-bit Windows system directory. There is no function that obtains the path of this directory, but it is searched. The name of this directory is System.

5. The Windows directory. Use the GetWindowsDirectory function to get the path of this directory.

6. The directories that are listed in the PATH environment variable.

1. 应用程序加载的目录。

2. 父进程的当前目录。

3. Windows NT/2000/XP：32 位 Windows 系统目录。使用 GetSystemDirectory 函数获取该目录的路径。该目录的名称是 System32。

4. Windows NT/2000/XP：16 位 Windows 系统目录。没有获取这个目录路径的函数，但是会搜索。该目录的名称是 System。

5. Windows 目录。使用 GetWindowsDirectory 函数获取该目录的路径。

6. PATH 环境变量中列出的目录。

Specify a program name

指定程序名称

This is the standard way to start a program.

这是启动程序的标准方式。

c:\windows\notepad.exe

In a batch file the batch will wait for the program to exit. When typed the command prompt does not wait for graphical programs to exit.

在批处理文件中，批处理将等待程序退出。键入时，命令提示符不会等待图形程序退出。

If the program is a batch file control is transferred and the rest of the calling batch file is not executed.

如果程序是批处理文件，则控制被转移并且调用批处理文件的其余部分不执行。

Use Start command

使用启动命令

Startstarts programs in non standard ways.

Start以非标准方式启动程序。

start "" c:\windows\notepad.exe

Startstarts a program and does not wait. Console programs start in a new window. Using the /bswitch forces console programs into the same window, which negates the main purpose of Start.

Start启动一个程序，不等待。控制台程序在新窗口中启动。使用该/b开关会强制控制台程序进入同一窗口，这与 Start 的主要目的背道而驰。

Start uses the Windows graphical shell - same as typing in WinKey + R (Run dialog). Try

开始使用 Windows 图形外壳 - 与键入 WinKey + R（运行对话框）相同。尝试

start shell:cache

Also program names registered under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Pathscan also be typed without specifying a full path.

也HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths可以在不指定完整路径的情况下键入在其下注册的程序名称。

Also note the first set of quotes, if any, MUST be the window title.

还要注意第一组引号（如果有）必须是窗口标题。

Use Call command

使用调用命令

Call is used to start batch files and wait for them to exit and continue the current batch file.

调用用于启动批处理文件并等待它们退出并继续当前批处理文件。

Other Filenames

其他文件名

Typing a non program filename is the same as double clicking the file.

键入非程序文件名与双击文件相同。

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Keys

钥匙

Ctrl + Cexits a program without exiting the console window.

Ctrl + C退出程序而不退出控制台窗口。

For other editing keys type Doskey /?.

对于其他编辑键，请键入Doskey /?.

• ↑and ↓recall commands

• ESCclears command line

• F7displays command history

• ALT+F7clears command history

• F8searches command history

• F9selects a command by number

• ALT+F10clears macro definitions

• ↑并↓调用命令

• ESC清除命令行

• F7显示命令历史

• ALT+F7清除命令历史

• F8搜索命令历史

• F9按编号选择命令

• ALT+F10清除宏定义

Also not listed

也没有列出

• Ctrl+ ←or→Moves a word at a time

• Ctrl+ BackspaceDeletes the previous word

• HomeBeginning of line

• EndEnd of line

• Ctrl+ EndDeletes to end of line

• Ctrl+←或 一次→移动一个词

• Ctrl+Backspace删除上一个单词

• Home行首

• End行结束

• Ctrl+End删除到行尾

回答by Mofi

There are many possibilities to solve this task.

有很多可能性可以解决这个任务。

1. RUN the batch file with full path

1.使用完整路径运行批处理文件

The easiest solution is runningthe batch file with full path.

最简单的解决方案是使用完整路径运行批处理文件。

"F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\Template.bat"

Once end of batch file Template.batis reached, there is no return to previous script in case of the command line above is within a *.bat or *.cmd file.

一旦Template.bat到达批处理文件的末尾，如果上面的命令行在 *.bat 或 *.cmd 文件中，则不会返回到前一个脚本。

The current directory for the batch file Template.batis the current directory of the current process. In case of Template.batrequires that the directory of this batch file is the current directory, the batch file Template.batshould contain after @echo offas second line the following command line:

批处理文件Template.bat的当前目录是当前进程的当前目录。如果Template.bat要求此批处理文件的目录是当前目录，则批处理文件Template.bat应包含@echo off以下命令行作为第二行：

cd /D "%~dp0"

Run in a command prompt window cd /?for getting displayed the help of this command explaining parameter /D... change to specified directory also on a different drive.

在命令提示符窗口中运行以cd /?显示此命令的帮助解释参数/D...更改到不同驱动器上的指定目录。

Run in a command prompt window call /?for getting displayed the help of this command used also in 2., 4. and 5. solution and explaining also %~dp0... drive and path of argument 0 which is the name of the batch file.

在命令提示符窗口中运行以call /?显示也在 2.、4. 和 5. 解决方案中使用的此命令的帮助，并解释了%~dp0......参数 0 的驱动器和路径，即批处理文件的名称。

2. CALL the batch file with full path

2.使用完整路径调用批处理文件

Another solution is callingthe batch file with full path.

另一种解决方案是使用完整路径调用批处理文件。

call "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common\Template.bat"

The difference to first solution is that after end of batch file Template.batis reached the batch processing continues in batch script containing this command line.

与第一个解决方案的不同之处在于，在Template.bat到达批处理文件末尾后，批处理将在包含此命令行的批处理脚本中继续。

For the current directory read above.

对于当前目录，请阅读上面的内容。

3. Change directory and RUN batch file with one command line

3. 用一个命令行更改目录和运行批处理文件

There are 3 operators for running multiple commands on one command line: &, &&and ||.
For details see answer on Single line with multiple commands using Windows batch file

有 3 个运算符可用于在一个命令行上运行多个命令：&、&&和||。
有关详细信息，请参阅使用 Windows 批处理文件的带有多个命令的单行的答案

I suggest for this task the &&operator.

我建议&&操作员执行此任务。

cd /D "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common" && Template.bat

As on first solution there is no return to current script if this is a *.bat or *.cmd file and changing the directory and continuation of batch processing on Template.batis successful.

作为第一个解决方案，如果这是一个 *.bat 或 *.cmd 文件并且更改目录并继续批处理Template.bat成功，则不会返回到当前脚本。

4. Change directory and CALL batch file with one command line

4. 使用一个命令行更改目录并调用批处理文件

This command line changes the directory and on success callsthe batch file.

此命令行更改目录并成功调用批处理文件。

cd /D "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common" && call Template.bat

The difference to third solution is the return to current batch script on exiting processing of Template.bat.

与第三种解决方案的不同之处在于在退出处理Template.bat.

5. Change directory and CALL batch file with keeping current environment with one command line

5.更改目录并调用批处理文件，并使用一个命令行保持当前环境

The four solutions above change the current directory and it is unknown what Template.batdoes regarding

上面四种解决方案改变了当前目录，Template.bat不知道是做什么的

1. current directory
2. environment variables
3. command extensions state
4. delayed expansion state

1. 当前目录
2. 环境变量
3. 命令扩展状态
4. 延迟扩张状态

In case of it is important to keep the environment of current *.bat or *.cmd script unmodified by whatever Template.batchanges on environment for itself, it is advisable to use setlocaland endlocal.

如果保持当前 *.bat 或 *.cmd 脚本的环境不受Template.bat环境本身的任何更改的修改很重要，建议使用setlocal和endlocal。

Run in a command prompt window setlocal /?and endlocal /?for getting displayed the help of these two commands. And read answer on change directory command cd ..not working in batch file after npm installexplaining more detailed what these two commands do.

在命令提示符窗口中运行setlocal /?并endlocal /?显示这两个命令的帮助。并阅读有关更改目录命令 cd ..not working in batch file after npm install 的答案，更详细地解释了这两个命令的作用。

setlocal & cd /D "F:\- Big Packets -\kitterengine\Common" & call Template.bat & endlocal

Now there is only &instead of &&used as it is important here that after setlocalis executed the command endlocalis finally also executed.

现在只有&而不是&&使用，因为在这里很重要的是，在setlocal执行之后，命令endlocal最终也会被执行。

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ONE MORE NOTE

多一点注意

If batch file Template.batcontains the command exitwithout parameter /Band this command is really executed, the command process is always exited independent on calling hierarchy. So make sure Template.batcontains exit /Bor goto :EOFinstead of just exitif there is exitused at all in this batch file.

如果批处理文件中Template.bat包含exit不带参数的命令/B并且该命令确实被执行，则命令进程总是独立于调用层次结构而退出。因此，请确保Template.bat包含exit /B或goto :EOF而不只是exit如果有exit在这个批处理文件中使用的。

回答by scientist_7

You can use Cmd command to run Batch file.

您可以使用 Cmd 命令来运行批处理文件。

Here is my way =>

这是我的方式=>

cmd /c ""Full_Path_Of_Batch_Here.cmd" "

More information => cmd /?

更多信息=> cmd /?