Java NoSuchBeanDefinitionException 如何初始化 SessionFactory bean？

NoSuchBeanDefinitionException How to initialise SessionFactory bean?

提问by Oleksandr H

I have a question. I tried to run my web application using Spring and Hibernate/ I have a strange error. NoSuchBeanDefinitionException. Stacktrace is:

我有个问题。我尝试使用 Spring 和 Hibernate 运行我的 Web 应用程序/我有一个奇怪的错误。NoSuchBeanDefinitionException。堆栈跟踪是：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:967)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:837)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:749)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:486)

I do not know why, because in my servlet-context.xml I declared SessionFacory bean:

我不知道为什么，因为在我的 servlet-context.xml 中我声明了 SessionFacory bean：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.example" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service.impl" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.dao" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.dao.impl.hibernate" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.web.controller" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.entity" />

<mvc:annotation-driven />

<tx:annotation-driven />

<bean
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

<bean
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />

<bean id="viewResolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="viewClass"
        value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

<bean id="userService" class="com.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
    <property name="userDAO" ref="userDAO" />
</bean>

<bean id="userDAO" class="com.example.dao.impl.hibernate.HibernateUserDAO" />

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
    destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:~/userdb" />
    <property name="username" value="user" />
    <property name="password" value="pswd" />
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="annotatedClasses">
        <list>
            <value>com.example.entity.User</value>
            <value>com.example.entity.Role</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <value>
            hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
            hibernate.show_sql=true
        </value>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

Also, I annotated all DAO implementations and service implementations. Any ideas?

此外，我注释了所有 DAO 实现和服务实现。有任何想法吗？

Added

添加

This is part of my code:

这是我的代码的一部分：

@Repository
public class HibernateUserDAO implements UserDAO {
   @Autowired
   private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
   ...
}

And Service class:

和服务类：

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService, UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserDAO userDAO;

@Override
@Transactional
public void create(User user) throws SQLException {
    userDAO.create(user);
}

full stacktrace:

完整的堆栈跟踪：

Sep 20, 2013 10:54:10 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class   
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name         'hibernateUserDAO': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory com.example.dao.impl.hibernate.HibernateUserDAO.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true), @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value=sessionFactory)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:288)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1120)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:626)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:112)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4939)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5434)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire               field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory    com.example.dao.impl.hibernate.HibernateUserDAO.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true), @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value=sessionFactory)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:514)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:285)
... 23 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true), @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value=sessionFactory)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:967)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:837)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:749)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:486)
... 25 more

This is my web.xml

这是我的 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
        /WEB-INF/root-context.xml
        /WEB-INF/application-security.xml
    </param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<filter>
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<filter>
    <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

采纳答案by M. Deinum

I would start with cleaning your configuration

我会先清理你的配置

This

这个

<context:component-scan base-package="com.example" />

Includes all this

包括这一切

<context:component-scan base-package="com.example" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service.impl" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.dao" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.dao.impl.hibernate" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.web.controller" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.entity" />

You are using component scanning so no need to explicitly define all the beans (it would make component scanning pretty useless if that was still needed).

您正在使用组件扫描，因此无需明确定义所有 bean（如果仍然需要，它会使组件扫描变得毫无用处）。

Next these 2 beans

接下来这两个豆子

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />

Are already implied by <mvc:annotation-driven />

已经暗示了 <mvc:annotation-driven />

Basically leaves you with this

基本上留给你这个

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.example" />

<mvc:annotation-driven />
<tx:annotation-driven />

<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="viewClass"
        value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
    destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:~/userdb" />
    <property name="username" value="user" />
    <property name="password" value="pswd" />
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="annotatedClasses">
        <list>
            <value>com.example.entity.User</value>
            <value>com.example.entity.Role</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <value>
            hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
            hibernate.show_sql=true
        </value>
  </property>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

Not that it will solve your problem because the error is not due to the fact that the configuration is incomplete, but the configuration is in the wrong place. The datasource, sessionFactory, transactionManagerand <tx:annotation-driven .. />must be moved to the applicationContext.xml. Nex to that your applicationContext.xml should also include a component-scan which scans for everything butcontrollers.

并不是说它会解决您的问题，因为错误不是因为配置不完整，而是配置在错误的地方。的datasource，sessionFactory，transactionManager和<tx:annotation-driven .. />必须移动到applicationContext.xml。除此之外，您的 applicationContext.xml 还应该包括一个组件扫描，它扫描除控制器之外的所有内容。

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example">
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" value="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan">

Change the <component-scan .. />in your servlet-context.xml to

<component-scan .. />将 servlet-context.xml 中的更改为

<context:component-scan base-package="com.example" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter type="annotation" value="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan">

This to prevent duplicate instantiation of your @Serviceand @Repositorybeans. Which is what is happening now (both your ContextLoaderListenerand DispatcherServletare loading and creating the same beans, which would lead you to other nice exceptions and next to that duplication of memory as you have 2 instances of each bean in memory).

这可以防止您@Service和@Repositorybean 的重复实例化。这就是现在正在发生的事情（您的ContextLoaderListener和DispatcherServlet正在加载和创建相同的 bean，这将导致您出现其他很好的异常，并且由于内存中每个 bean 有 2 个实例，因此会出现内存重复）。

回答by ZaoTaoBao

If you use @Autowired you don't need to declare like a property at the context. But it must be at the context--->NoSuchBeanDefinition--> don't find it.

如果您使用@Autowired，则无需在上下文中声明为属性。但它必须在上下文--->NoSuchBeanDefinition--> 找不到它。

<bean id="userService" class="com.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
    <property name="userDAO" ref="userDAO" /> 
</bean>

try to remove userDAO from property context.--if you autowired it, you don't need it at context.

尝试从属性上下文中删除 userDAO。--如果您自动装配它，则在上下文中不需要它。

but the problem seems to be at this bean:

但问题似乎出在这个 bean 上：

<bean id="userDAO" class="com.example.dao.impl.hibernate.HibernateUserDAO" />

can't inject the dependency of sessionFactory, but everything seems to be correct :( why don't you try to remove @autowired of session factory, put get/set an add property ref at context in hibernateUserDao, just for testing what happens?

无法注入 sessionFactory 的依赖，但一切似乎都是正确的 :( 为什么不尝试删除 session factory 的 @autowired ，在 hibernateUserDao 的 context 中放置 get/set add property ref，只是为了测试会发生什么？

回答by Koray Tugay

Somtimes what Spring actually trying to say is:

有时，Spring 实际上想说的是：

There are multiple bean definitions...

I had this problem:

我有这个问题：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'metadataGeneratorFilter' is defined

once where I had an xml file like this:

曾经我有一个像这样的 xml 文件：

<security:custom-filter ref="metadataGeneratorFilter" before="CHANNEL_FILTER"/>

<beans:bean id="metadataGeneratorFilter"
            class="org.springframework.security.saml.metadata.  MetadataGeneratorFilter">
    <beans:constructor-arg ref="metadataGenerator"/>
</beans:bean>