ruby 如何找到gem文件的安装位置

How to find where gem files are installed

提问by ironsand

I can finds gems that are installed using gem list, but it doesn't show me where the gems are installed.

我可以找到使用 安装的 gem gem list，但它没有显示 gem 的安装位置。

How can I find where the gems are, and how can I know before installing a gem where it will be installed?

如何找到 gem 的位置，以及在安装 gem 之前如何知道它将安装在哪里？

回答by the Tin Man

Use gem environmentto find out about your gem environment:

用于gem environment了解您的 gem 环境：

RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.1.5
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.0.0 (2013-06-27 patchlevel 247) [x86_64-darwin12.4.0]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/ttm/.gem/specs
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-12
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
     - /Users/ttm/.gem/ruby/2.0.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/libexec
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build/bin
     - /Users/ttm/perl5/perlbrew/bin
     - /Users/ttm/perl5/perlbrew/perls/perl-5.18.1/bin
     - /Users/ttm/.pyenv/shims
     - /Users/ttm/.pyenv/bin
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/shims
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/bin
     - /Users/ttm/bin
     - /usr/local/mysql-5.6.12-osx10.7-x86_64/bin
     - /Users/ttm/libsmi/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin
     - /usr/local/bin

Notice the two sections for:

请注意以下两个部分：

• INSTALLATION DIRECTORY
• GEM PATHS

• INSTALLATION DIRECTORY
• GEM PATHS

回答by Rustam A. Gasanov

I found it useful to get a location of the library file with:

我发现通过以下方式获取库文件的位置很有用：

gem which *gemname*

回答by ishanbakshi

After installing the gems, if you want to know where a particular gem is. Try typing:

安装 gems 后，如果您想知道特定 gem 在哪里。尝试输入：

 gem list

You will be able to see the list of gems you have installed. Now use bundle showand name the gem you want to know the path for, like this:

您将能够看到已安装的 gem 列表。现在使用bundle show并命名您想知道其路径的 gem，如下所示：

 bundle show <gemName>

回答by cbliard

To complete other answers, the gem-pathgem can find the installation path of a particular gem.

要完成其他答案，gem-pathgem 可以找到特定 gem 的安装路径。

Installation:

安装：

gem install gem-path

Usage:

用法：

gem path rails
=> /home/cbliard/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/rails-4.0.13
gem path rails '< 4'
=> /home/cbliard/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/rails-3.2.21

This is really handy as you can use it to grep or edit files:

这真的很方便，因为您可以使用它来 grep 或编辑文件：

grep -R 'Internal server error' "$(gem path thin)"
subl "$(gem path thin)"

回答by Arup Rakshit

You can check it from your command prompt by running gem help commandsand then selecting the proper command:

您可以通过运行gem help commands然后选择正确的命令从命令提示符检查它：

kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$  gem help commands
GEM commands are:

    build                  Build a gem from a gemspec
    cert                   Manage RubyGems certificates and signing settings
    check                  Check a gem repository for added or missing files
    cleanup                Clean up old versions of installed gems in the local
                           repository
    contents               Display the contents of the installed gems
    dependency             Show the dependencies of an installed gem
    environment            Display information about the RubyGems environment
    fetch                  Download a gem and place it in the current directory
    generate_index         Generates the index files for a gem server directory
    help                   Provide help on the 'gem' command
    install                Install a gem into the local repository
    list                   Display gems whose name starts with STRING
    lock                   Generate a lockdown list of gems
    mirror                 Mirror all gem files (requires rubygems-mirror)
    outdated               Display all gems that need updates
    owner                  Manage gem owners on RubyGems.org.
    pristine               Restores installed gems to pristine condition from
                           files located in the gem cache
    push                   Push a gem up to RubyGems.org
    query                  Query gem information in local or remote repositories
    rdoc                   Generates RDoc for pre-installed gems
    regenerate_binstubs    Re run generation of executable wrappers for gems.
    search                 Display all gems whose name contains STRING
    server                 Documentation and gem repository HTTP server
    sources                Manage the sources and cache file RubyGems uses to
                           search for gems
    specification          Display gem specification (in yaml)
    stale                  List gems along with access times
    uninstall              Uninstall gems from the local repository
    unpack                 Unpack an installed gem to the current directory
    update                 Update installed gems to the latest version
    which                  Find the location of a library file you can require
    yank                   Remove a specific gem version release from
                           RubyGems.org

For help on a particular command, use 'gem help COMMAND'.

Commands may be abbreviated, so long as they are unambiguous.
e.g. 'gem i rake' is short for 'gem install rake'.
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ 

Now from the above I can see the command environmentis helpful. So I would do:

现在从上面我可以看到命令environment很有帮助。所以我会这样做：

kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ gem help environment
Usage: gem environment [arg] [options]


  Common Options:
    -h, --help                       Get help on this command
    -V, --[no-]verbose               Set the verbose level of output
    -q, --quiet                      Silence commands
        --config-file FILE           Use this config file instead of default
        --backtrace                  Show stack backtrace on errors
        --debug                      Turn on Ruby debugging


  Arguments:
    packageversion  display the package version
    gemdir          display the path where gems are installed
    gempath         display path used to search for gems
    version         display the gem format version
    remotesources   display the remote gem servers
    platform        display the supported gem platforms
    <omitted>       display everything

  Summary:
    Display information about the RubyGems environment

  Description:
    The RubyGems environment can be controlled through command line arguments,
    gemrc files, environment variables and built-in defaults.

    Command line argument defaults and some RubyGems defaults can be set in a
    ~/.gemrc file for individual users and a /etc/gemrc for all users. These
    files are YAML files with the following YAML keys:

      :sources: A YAML array of remote gem repositories to install gems from
      :verbose: Verbosity of the gem command. false, true, and :really are the
                levels
      :update_sources: Enable/disable automatic updating of repository metadata
      :backtrace: Print backtrace when RubyGems encounters an error
      :gempath: The paths in which to look for gems
      :disable_default_gem_server: Force specification of gem server host on
    push
      <gem_command>: A string containing arguments for the specified gem command

    Example:

      :verbose: false
      install: --no-wrappers
      update: --no-wrappers
      :disable_default_gem_server: true

    RubyGems' default local repository can be overridden with the GEM_PATH and
    GEM_HOME environment variables. GEM_HOME sets the default repository to
    install into. GEM_PATH allows multiple local repositories to be searched for
    gems.

    If you are behind a proxy server, RubyGems uses the HTTP_PROXY,
    HTTP_PROXY_USER and HTTP_PROXY_PASS environment variables to discover the
    proxy server.

    If you would like to push gems to a private gem server the RUBYGEMS_HOST
    environment variable can be set to the URI for that server.

    If you are packaging RubyGems all of RubyGems' defaults are in
    lib/rubygems/defaults.rb.  You may override these in
    lib/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ 

Finally to show you what you asked, I would do:

最后向您展示您的要求，我会这样做：

kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ gem environment gemdir
/home/kirti/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ gem environment gempath
/home/kirti/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0:/home/kirti/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ 

回答by Jerome Dalbert

You can trick gem openinto displaying the gem path:

您可以欺骗gem open显示宝石路径：

VISUAL=echo gem open gem-name

Example:

例子：

VISUAL=echo gem open rails
=> /usr/local/opt/asdf/installs/ruby/2.4.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/rails-5.1.4

It just works, and no third party gem is necessary.

它只是有效，不需要第三方 gem。

回答by slayedbylucifer

gem envworks just like gem environment. Saves some typing.

gem env就像gem environment. 节省一些打字。

# gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.0.14
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.0.0 (2014-02-24 patchlevel 451) [i686-linux]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/local/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/local/bin
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86-linux
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
     - /root/.gem/ruby/2.0.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/

回答by tanius

The gem envlists where gems canbe installed, but this can be 10 or more locations. If you want to know where a particular gem isinstalled, you can execute:

可以安装gem envgem的列表，但这可以是 10 个或更多位置。如果您想知道特定 gem的安装位置，可以执行：

gem list -d <gemname>

Example output:

示例输出：

tilt (2.0.9)
    Author: Ryan Tomayko
    Homepage: http://github.com/rtomayko/tilt/
    License: MIT
    Installed at: /opt/rubies/ruby-2.5.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0

    Generic interface to multiple Ruby template engines

回答by ruslan

if you are using rvm tool you can run this command to print gem path:

如果您使用的是 rvm 工具，则可以运行此命令来打印 gem 路径：

rvm gemdir

OR

或者

echo $GEM_HOME

回答by user2966600

This works and gives you the installed at path for each gem. This super helpful when trying to do multi-stage docker builds.. You can copy in the specific directory post-bundle install.

这有效并为您提供每个 gem 的安装路径。这在尝试进行多阶段 docker 构建时非常有用。您可以在特定目录中复制 post-bundle install。

bash-4.4# gem list -d

bash-4.4# gem list -d

Output::

输出：：

aasm (5.0.6)
    Authors: Thorsten Boettger, Anil Maurya
    Homepage: https://github.com/aasm/aasm
    License: MIT
    Installed at: /usr/local/bundle

  State machine mixin for Ruby objects