使用 TypeScript 在节点应用程序中导入 JSON 文件
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Import JSON file in node application with TypeScript
提问by Patrick P.
I'm really getting crazy because I can't find a solution for this. What I want to archive is to import a JSON file with a configuration into my TypeScript file. I've learned that I need a declaration file. So I've added a file json-loader.d.ts into my project. I also tried it at several levels (root, typings folder, custom_typings folder) because this are the solutions I've found. The file content looks like this:
我真的快疯了，因为我找不到解决方案。我想要存档的是将带有配置的 JSON 文件导入到我的 TypeScript 文件中。我了解到我需要一个声明文件。所以我在我的项目中添加了一个文件 json-loader.d.ts 。我还在多个级别（根目录、typings 文件夹、custom_typings 文件夹）尝试了它，因为这是我找到的解决方案。文件内容如下所示：
declare module "json!*" {
let json: any;
export = json;
}
declare module "*.json" {
const value: any;
export default value;
}But the compiler still tells me, that it is not possible to import the JSON file, because it isn't a module. So, how is the compiler getting aware, that there is such a declaration file?
但是编译器仍然告诉我，无法导入 JSON 文件，因为它不是模块。那么，编译器是如何知道有这样一个声明文件的呢？
I already tried to modify my tsconfig.json like this:
我已经尝试像这样修改我的 tsconfig.json：
{
"compilerOptions": {
"target": "es6",
"module": "commonjs",
"outDir": "dist",
"typeRoots": [
"./node_modules/@types",
"./typings"
]
},
"include": [
"src/**/*.ts"
],
"exclude": [
"node_modules"
]
}
But it still doesn't work. Any suggestions?
但它仍然不起作用。有什么建议？
Thanks!
谢谢！
回答by tony
Examples on the web that use declare module "*.json"work because Webpack is configured to load JSON files.
Web 上的示例declare module "*.json"之所以有效，是因为 Webpack 被配置为加载 JSON 文件。
If you don't want to bother with that you can use varinstead of import:
如果你不想打扰，你可以使用var代替import：
var json = require('../config.json');
var json = require('../config.json');
回答by Erik Vullings
I've successfully used the following to import my package.jsoninside a CLI program (so I can re-use the version, license and description information in my help page).
我已经成功地使用以下内容将我的内容导入package.json到 CLI 程序中（因此我可以在帮助页面中重复使用版本、许可证和描述信息）。
declare module '*.json' {
const foo: {
name: string;
version: string;
author: string;
license: string;
description: string;
};
export = foo;
}Alternatively, you can import other files containing interface descriptions etc., but you need to put the imports insidethe module declaration, e.g.
或者，您可以导入包含接口描述等的其他文件，但您需要将导入放在模块声明中，例如
declare module 'ormconfig.json' {
import { Connection } from "typeorm";
const foo: Connection[];
export = foo;
}回答by JGFMK
Have you done something like add a SystemJS script in your web page to do module loading - index.html etc. I used https://cdnjs.com/libraries/systemjsand iirc you need https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/systemjs/0.20.14/system.src.jsSystem.JS is the module loader.. Has to be first script imported. And then you need something like this:
您是否做过类似在网页中添加 SystemJS 脚本以进行模块加载 - index.html 等的操作。我使用了https://cdnjs.com/libraries/systemjs和 iirc，您需要https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ ajax/libs/systemjs/0.20.14/system.src.jsSystem.JS 是模块加载器.. 必须是第一个脚本导入。然后你需要这样的东西：
<script
src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/systemjs/0.20.14/system.src.js "/>
<script>
System.config({
defaultJSExtension:true
});
System.import('pathtoscriptwithoutdotjsatend');
</script>
