bash 使用“read”读取密码时如何回显星号（*）？
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How do I echo stars (*) when reading password with `read`?
提问by Deniz Zoeteman
What do I need to do for code in Bash, if I want to echo *s in place of password characters (or even just hide the characters completely) when the user types something in using read?
如果我想*在用户键入内容时使用echo代替密码字符（甚至只是完全隐藏字符），我需要为 Bash 中的代码做什么read？
回答by Paused until further notice.
As Mark Rushakoffpointed out, read -swill suppress the echoing of characters typed at the prompt. You can make use of that feature as part of this script to echo asterisks for each character typed:
正如Mark Rushakoff指出的那样，read -s将抑制在提示符下键入的字符的回显。您可以将该功能用作此脚本的一部分来为输入的每个字符回显星号：
#!/bin/bash
unset password
prompt="Enter Password:"
while IFS= read -p "$prompt" -r -s -n 1 char
do
if [[ $char == $'#!/bin/bash
unset PASSWORD
unset CHARCOUNT
echo -n "Enter password: "
stty -echo
CHARCOUNT=0
while IFS= read -p "$PROMPT" -r -s -n 1 CHAR
do
# Enter - accept password
if [[ $CHAR == $'-s Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.
' ]] ; then
break
fi
# Backspace
if [[ $CHAR == $'7' ]] ; then
if [ $CHARCOUNT -gt 0 ] ; then
CHARCOUNT=$((CHARCOUNT-1))
PROMPT=$'\b \b'
PASSWORD="${PASSWORD%?}"
else
PROMPT=''
fi
else
CHARCOUNT=$((CHARCOUNT+1))
PROMPT='*'
PASSWORD+="$CHAR"
fi
done
stty echo
echo $PASSWORD
' ]]
then
break
fi
prompt='*'
password+="$char"
done
echo
echo "Done. Password=$password"
回答by Logan VanCuren
I really liked the answer that Wironegave, but I didn't like that the backspacing would continue removing characters even back into the "Enter password: " prompt.
我真的很喜欢Wirone给出的答案，但我不喜欢退格会继续删除字符，即使回到“输入密码：”提示。
I also had some issues where pressing keys too rapidly would cause some of the characters to actually print on the screen... never a good thing when prompting for a password. =)
我也遇到了一些问题，按键太快会导致某些字符实际打印在屏幕上......提示输入密码时从来都不是一件好事。=)
The following is my modified version of Wirone's answer which addresses these issues:
以下是我解决这些问题的Wirone答案的修改版本：
#!/bin/bash
unset password
echo -n "Enter password: "
while IFS= read -p "$prompt" -r -s -n 1 char
do
# Enter - accept password
if [[ $char == $' #!/bin/sh
read -p "Username: " uname
stty -echo
read -p "Password: " passw; echo
stty echo
' ]] ; then
break
fi
# Backspace
if [[ $char == $'7' ]] ; then
prompt=$'\b \b'
password="${password%?}"
else
prompt='*'
password+="$char"
fi
done
回答by Mark Rushakoff
回答by Wirone
回答by Vinko Vrsalovic
I don't know about stars, but stty -echo is your friend:
我不知道星星，但 stty -echo 是你的朋友：
ask() {
local 'args' 'char' 'charcount' 'prompt' 'reply' 'silent'
# Basic arguments parsing
while [[ "${1++}" ]]; do
case "" in
( '--silent' | '-s' )
silent='yes'
;;
( '--' )
args+=( "${@:2}" )
break
;;
( * )
args+=( "" )
;;
esac
shift || break
done
if [[ "${silent}" == 'yes' ]]; then
for prompt in "${args[@]}"; do
charcount='0'
prompt="${prompt}: "
reply=''
while IFS='' read -n '1' -p "${prompt}" -r -s 'char'; do
case "${char}" in
# Handles NULL
( $'$ ask Username
Username: AzureDiamond
AzureDiamond
$ ask -s Password
Password: *******
hunter2
$ ask First Second Third
First: foo
foo
Second: bar
bar
Third: baz
baz
0' )
break
;;
# Handles BACKSPACE and DELETE
( $'0' | $'7' )
if (( charcount > 0 )); then
prompt=$'\b \b'
reply="${reply%?}"
(( charcount-- ))
else
prompt=''
fi
;;
( * )
prompt='*'
reply+="${char}"
(( charcount++ ))
;;
esac
done
printf '\n' >&2
printf '%s\n' "${reply}"
done
else
for prompt in "${args[@]}"; do
IFS='' read -p "${prompt}: " -r 'reply'
printf '%s\n' "${reply}"
done
fi
}
回答by moonshadow
#!/bin/bash
echo "------------------------------"
n=7
echo " Enter Password :"
for (( i=1;i<n;i++ ))
do
stty -echo
read -r -s -n 1 char
stty echo
echo -n "*"
pass+="$char"
done
echo " "
echo " Your password : $pass "
echo ""
echo "-------------------------------"
will stop user input being echoed to the screen for that read. Depending on what you are doing with prompts, you may want to add an extra echocommand to generate a newline after the read.
将停止将用户输入回显到该读取的屏幕上。根据您对提示所做的操作，您可能需要添加一个额外的echo命令以在读取后生成换行符。
回答by Dino Dini
If you don't care about it being interactive, you can simply do
如果你不关心它的交互性，你可以简单地做
##代码##This will show a * for each character of the entered password after enter is pressed.
按下回车键后，这将为输入的密码的每个字符显示一个 *。
回答by nxnev
I just made this Bash-specific function based on Dennis Williamson's, Wirone's and Logan VanCuren's answers:
我刚刚根据Dennis Williamson的、Wirone的和Logan VanCuren的回答制作了这个 Bash 特定的函数：
##代码##It could be used like:
它可以像这样使用：
##代码##